Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate SDBS

XRD analysis of the solid product showed three main peaks at 28.5 , 47.4 and 56.3 , which indicated that pure crystalline CuCl was formed [3]. Several well-known dispersants polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), sodium hexameta phosphate (SHP), the sodium salt of EDTA (EDTA-Na), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), were introduced to obtain a highly dispersed catalyst. The X-ray patterns obtained with these were basically the same as the patterns obtained with the solids prepared in the other experiments described here. 

Magnetic PANI/Fe O nanocomposites were prepared via emulsion polymerization to remove nitrate ions, [41] which gave linear correlation to Freimdlich isotherm with a pseudo-second-order kinetic mechanism. The optimum sorption condition was found to be a 4.0 g/L sorbent solution with a contact time of 10 min at pH = 7.0. PANI-doped ZnCl and CuCl were used for sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) removal in a spontaneous and exothermic process [42]. Toxic metallic cations, such... 

U. Ozdemir, B. Ozbay, S. Veh, S. Zor, Modeling adsorption of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) onto polyaniline (PANI) by using multi linear regression and artificial neural networks. Chem Eng / 2011,178,183-190. 

Anionic Surfactant, Eq. Wt. 288, ap = ITA, CMC=8 x lO M. Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate, SDBS (Alcolac)... 

Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) >97% pure. 

Use of surfactants is an effective way for dispersing CNTs [39]. Reports show that the outer most nanotubes in a bundle are treated more than the innermost tubes and the nanotube remains predominantly btmdled even after surfactant treatment. But mechanical methods like ultrasonication can debundle the nanotubes by steric or electrostatic repulsions [40]. On sonication the high local shear will unravel the outer carbon nanotubes in a bundle and expose other sites for additional surfactant adsorption, thus the surfactant molecules gradually exfoliate the bundle in an unzippering mechanism [41]. Some of the common surfactants used for the dispersion of carbon nanotubes are sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) [42], dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) [43], hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) [44], octylphenol ethoxylate (Triton X-100) [45] and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) [46]. Covalent modification is another way to solubilize the CNTs in different solvents and to improve the interaction with the matrix in composites [47]. 

However, using an appropriate surfactant in water can be cheaper than using DMF and NMP, which also exhibit the disadvantage of high boiling points. The most common surfactants are sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Aqueous dispersion of SWNTs in the presence of the water-soluble perylene derivatives has also been reported. After the nanotubes are dispersed in a solvent, the buckypaper can usually be fabricated by a simple Buchner filtration[22]. 

Surfactants are those molecules that comprise both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups simultaneously. The hydrophilic groups can be either ionic (e.g., -SOj, -SO3, -COOH, and -N(CHsIj) or nonionic (e.g., -0-(CH2-CH2-0) -H). As to the hydrophobic groups, the most widely used ones are the alkyl chains (-C H2 +i) and arakyl chains (-C H2 +i-C6H4-). Representative surfactants include anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, sodium stearate, cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and nonionic i-octophenol polyethoxylate with an average of 40 monomeric units of ethylene oxide per molecule. Such amphoteric species tend to diffuse toward the interface between the oily and aqueous phases and reside therein. 

To assess the activity of the extracts at the oil-water interface, we measured the interfacial tension of these extracts (at a concentration of two times the CMC) against hexadecane, in which case we obtained values close to 8 mN/m. This interfacial tension is substantially higher when compared to the 1 mN/m obtained with rhamnolipid solutions discussed in the first half of this chapter. Another point of comparison is that the interfacial tension obtained with a conventional sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) surfactant against hexadecane was close to 2 mN/m. These studies suggest that these alkaline extracts are more hydrophilic than rhamnolipids and lipopeptides obtained by biological means. 

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