Sodium bromide solution

Mercuric Bromide. Mercuric hi.omide[7789-94-7] HgBr2 is a white crystalline powder, considerably less stable than the chloride, and also much less soluble in water (0.6% at 25°C). Therefore, it is prepared easily by precipitation, using mercuric nitrate and sodium bromide solution. Drying of the washed compound is carried out below 75°C. Mercuric bromide has a few medicinal uses. 

To 25.0 mL of 0.01-0.015 M persulphate solution in a 150 mL conical flask, add 7 mL of 5 M sodium bromide solution and 2 mL of 3 M sulphuric acid. Stopper the flask. Swirl the contents, then add excess of 0.05M ammonium iron(II) sulphate (15.0mL), and allow to stand for 20 minutes. Add 1 mL of 0.001 M ferroin indicator, and titrate the excess of Fe2+ ion with 0.02 M cerium(IV) sulphate in 0.5 M sulphuric acid to the first colour change from orange to yellow. 

Reagent. Supporting electrolyte. Prepare a 0.05 M sodium bromide solution. 

Recycle traditionally involves caustic scrubbing the gaseous HBr from bromination reactions (eqn. 3). The resulting sodium bromide solution is then treated with chlorine gas to generate bromine (eqn. 4). 

Iodine and bromine adsorb onto Au(l 11) from sodium iodide or sodium bromide solutions under an applied surface potential with the surface structure formed being dependent on the applied potential [166]. The iodine adsorbate can also affect gold step edge mobility and diffusion of the Au surface. Upon deposition of a layer of disordered surface iodine atoms, the movement of gold atoms (assisted by the 2-dimensional iodine gas on the terrace) from step edges out onto terraces occurs. However, this diffusion occurs only at the step edge when an ordered adlayer is formed [167]. 

SRS skids have been proposed for a number of different types of sulphate removal operations, including sodium sulphate from sodium bromide solutions, sodium chlorate solutions and potassium sulphate from potassium chloride solutions. All of these different separations have been tested on a commercial spiral-wound membrane and the results have been good. 

It was expected that sulphate removal from sodium bromide solutions would be very similar to sulphate removal from sodium chloride. Experimentation was carried out to determine sulphate rejection, membrane permeability and membrane stability in concentrated sodium bromide. The experimental work determined that nanofiltration is a useful process for separating these materials. 

Apart from sodium hypochlorite and sodium bromide solutions, almost all other liquid biocides (or biocide intermediates) are nonoxidizer types. Most nonoxidizers are manufactured by specialist chemical companies, who sell these branded products for scores of different sanitizing or disinfection applications, of which cooling water system treatment is only one. These chemicals may be merely renamed (according to subregistration permits) or they may be blended with other biocides or inhibitors to form new and different products with accordingly modified properties. Some biocides may only be available from the primary manufacturer, often as extremely concentrated and hazardous materials. These chemicals will then usually require some form of dilution, stabilization, and quality verification before being incorporated into a service company s product line. 

Bleach is usually dispensed two or three times per week by hand-adding a known volume, although the use of a timer-controlled pump is a preferred alternative. Bleach can also be used in combination with sodium bromide solution to produce hypobromous acid. 

Acid to litmus. One gram dissolves in about 70 mL water, 150 mL alcohol, 50 mL benzene. Sparingly soluble in ether, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride. Liberates iodine from potassium iodide solutions and bromine from sodium bromide solutions.1... 

Electrolysis of sodium bromide solution. When an aqueous solution of sodium bromide is electrolyzed, hydrogen gas is liberated at the cathode and bromine gas at the anode. These products are to be anticipated because of the marked chemical similarity of bromine and chlorine and because sodium, even if it were liberated by the discharge of sodium ions, would react immediately with water to liberate hydrogen. In effect, then, the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of sodium bromide involves the discharge of the anion of the solute and the cation of the solvent. 

S 24 Strauss, U. F., and P. L. Wineman Molecular dimensions and interaction of long chain polyphosphates in sodium bromide solutions. J. Am. Chem. See. 80, 2366 (1958). 

Flydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (20 mmol) was treated with mercuric acetate (20 mmol), then refluxed in 100 ml ethyl alcohol containing 1% acetic acid, and further treated with sodium bromide solution. Bromine (1 equiv.) dissolved in CHC13 containing acetic acid was then added and the mixture concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography with silica gel using EtOAc in hexane and the product isolated in 47.2% yield. 

Pyx idine and mercuric acetate when heated at 175 to 180" C. tor 2 5 hours, and the reaction mixture diluted with 5 to 6 volumes of water, followed by the addition of sodium chloride give 3 5-dichloromercuri pyridine (I.) as a pale brown, amorphous, odourless powder, decomposing at 220" C. Bromine in sodium bromide solution converts it into 3 5-dibromopyridine. The mother-liquors from the dichloromercuri compound yield 3-iodomercuri pyridine (II.) when treated with sodium iodide. The product is a yellow, amorphous powder, M.pt. 68" to 69" C., which forms 3-bromopyridine with bromine in sodium bromide. 

Wellbrom [Albemarle]. TM for sodium bromide solution, completion fluid. 

When electrochemical generation is accomplished in hexamethylphosphotriamide solutions of sodium and potassium salts there appears, along with the absorption band for solvated electrons, a peak at 750 or 880 nm (Fig. 5). A similar picture was seen earlier upon dissolving the alkali metals in hexamethylphosphotriamide and also on carrymg out pulse radiolysis of sodium bromide solution in it In... 

Material Test tubes silver nitrate solution, concentrated hydrochloric acid, sodium bromide solution, concentrated sodium thio sulfate solution. 

Procedure Fill two test tubes to one-third with silver nitrate solution. In the first test tube add only one drop of hydrochloric acid, a few seconds later again add some ml of the acid until the white solid disappears. Add some drops of sodium bromide solution, to the second test tube a few seconds later add some ml of sodium thiosulfate solution. 

Bromine regeneration by electrolysis was carried out in a synthetic sodium bromide solution. Two variables were tested current density and initial bromide concentration. These tests were ran in a regular one compartment electrolytic cell. 

A test was run using a two-compartment electrolysis cell equipped with an ion exchange membrane to prevent migration of bromine to the cathode. The anode compartment of the cell was filled with sodium bromide solution (60 g/L) and the cathode compartment with sodium hydroxide solution (12 g/L). The applied current was 10 A in all these tests. The pH in the anode compartment was maintained at 8 with 50% NaOH solution. The tests results are presented in Table 10. 

It is interesting to note that the bromine concentration in the electrolyte increases practically linearly with electrolysis time. A total of 49.3 g of bromine was produced during electrolysis from the electrolyte initially containing 55 g/L bromide. The current efficiency for overall electrolysis of the eluate was over 60%, which agrees well with current efficiency numbers for the tests using synthetic sodium bromide solutions. 

Mix equal amounts of 0.020 mol din sodium bromide solution and 0.018 mol dm silver nitrate solution. A colloidal dispersion of silver bromide is formed immediately. A silver iodide sol maybe prepared in a similar manner. 

B) the reaction of chlorine with sodium bromide solution, resulting in the displacement of bromine... 

The kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of aromatic aldehydes by bromine have been investigated, the rate of production of benzoic acid being little affected by substitution of the aldehyde. Radical bromine ions Bra" have also been used as an oxidant. Flash photolysis of 10 mol 1" sodium bromide solutions may be used to generate the radical anions ... 

We indicated earlier that just because an equation can be written, it does not necessarily mean that the reaction will happen. By using the results of experiments performed over many years, we can make reliable predictions. For example, we can predict with confidence that zinc will replace copper in a copper sulfate solution but that silver will not, or that pouring calcium nitrate solution into sodium fluoride solution will yield a precipitate, but that pouring it into sodium bromide solution will not. We have deliberately refrained from making these predictions in this chapter learning to write equations is enough for now. 

Carry out the method exactly as described in Section F, paragraphs 1-3, using SO ml of freshly de-ionized water and 1 ml of sodium bromide solution to act as a catalyst. A blank determination in triplicate must be carried out with each batch of samples being analysed. Blank extinctions using a 10-cm cell should not exceed 0.15. 

Rapid mixing of silver nitrate and sodium bromide solutions may produce a hydrophobic... 

Alexandowicz Z (1960) Results of osmotic and of Donnan equilibria measinements in polymethacrylic acid sodium bromide solutions 11. J Polym Sci 43 337 349... 

Fig. 5. Dependence of current passing through dropping electrode after 7 sec electrolysis at constant potential on concentration of ethyl a-broinobutyrate in 0.1 N sodium bromide solution at 27°C [20]. Values of - (s.c.e.) ...

There is, in at least one instance, clear evidence for a second-order displacement of a diazonium group (28). The reaction of p-nitro-benzenediazonium ion in acidic sodium bromide solutions is a pseudo first-order reaction, with the first-order rate constant increasing linearly with the bromide ion concentration. The bimolecular displacement of nitrogen by bromide ion is further supported by the ratio of the yields of p-nitrobromobenzene and p-nitrophenol as a function of the bromide ion concentration. 

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