Sodium acetate ammonium sulphate

Salting Out. — A very valuable method to induce substances dissolved in water to separate out is known as salting out. Many substances soluble in pure water are insoluble or difficultly soluble in an aqueous solution of certain salts if, therefore, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, potash, calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, Glauber s salt, sodium acetate, ammonium sulphate, or other salt is added to the solution, this is dissolved, and the substance previously in solution separates out. By this method many compounds like alcohol, acetone, etc., which are so easily soluble in water that they cannot be removed from it by extraction with ether, can be separated out with ease. The method of procedure is this One of the above-mentioned salts, usually solid potash, is added to the solution until no more will dissolve. The substance... 

Besides Fe-, other reducing agents that may be used in conjunction with H2O2 are aliphatic amines, Na2S203 thiourea, ascorbic acid, glyoxal, sulfuric acid, NaHSOs, sodium nitrite, ferric nitrate, peroxidase, AgNOs, tartaric acid, hydroxylamine, ethylene sulfate, sodium phosphite, formic acid, ferrous ammonium sulphate, acetic acid, ferrous sulphate, and HNO2, etc,... 

Resistance to corrosion of electroless nickel, both as-deposited and, in most cases, after heating to 750°C, is listed by Metzger for about 80 chemicals and other products. Resistance was generally satisfactory, with attack at a rate below 13 /im/year. The only substances causing faster attack were acetic acid, ammonium hydroxide or phosphate, aerated ammonium sulphate, benzyl chloride, boric acid, fluorophosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, aerated lactic acid, aerated lemon juice, sodium cyanide and sulphuric acid. 

Reaction at 85 °C of Fe" ammonium sulphate solution (buffered to pH 7-8 with sodium acetate) with hydroxylamine sulphate the suspension is held under N2 (Ar-dizzone et ak, 1983) i.e. 

Colloidal cobalt arsenate has been obtained in the form of an opalescent jelly either by mixing in the cold a solution of a cobalt salt of a strong acid with potassium dihydrogen orthoarsenate,8 or by successively treating an aqueous solution of a cobaltous salt with ammonium sulphate, acetic acid and an excess of sodium orthoarsenate.9... 

Sodium phosphate solution white precipitate of uranyl phosphate U02HP04, soluble in mineral acids but insoluble in dilute acetic acid. If precipitation is effected in the presence of ammonium sulphate or of ammonium acetate, uranyl ammonium phosphate, U02(NH4)P04 is precipitated. 

There are several salts that behave in this way at atmospheric temperatures, the more important being ammonium acetate potassium bromate, carbonate, cyanide, ferricyanide, ferrocyanide, iodate, and permanganate disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium borate and carbonate.4 In the case of potassium chlorate the points L and S appear to be practically coincident, whilst for the majority of salts the point S lies somewhere to the left of L, namely at S —that is to say, saturation occurs before the limiting concentration is reached. Generally speaking, at the ordinary temperature, concentrated solutions of salts are less corrosive than distilled water—that is, the point S lies below the level of A, exceptions being 5 ammonium sulphate, aluminium... 

A well-known phenomenon in inorganic salts is the salting-out effect. Adding sodium sulphate, ammonium sulphate or sodium chloride (common salt), for example, in portions to aqueous systems has the effect of driving out some of the volatile compounds into the gaseous phase, or into a solvent which is immiscible with water. Of the salts mentioned above, only common salt has any relevance to food. Additions of 5 to 15% to aqueous systems result in increases of head space concentration of ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate and menthone up to 25% [10,32], This common salt concentration, however, is way above what is tolerated normally in foodstuffs. In foods with a normal salt content, the salt has virtually no effect on the vapour pressure of volatile compounds [9,10,32], The same is true for calcium chloride [8[, The possibility, that the salt content of the saliva has some effect on the vapour pressure cannot be ruled out however [32],... 

AR grade acetic anhydride, dodecatugstophasphoric acid-a heteropolyacid (HPA), zirconium oxychloride, anhydrous aluminium chloride, sodium carbonate and ammonium sulphate were obtained from s.d.Fine Chem. Ltd, Mumbai. 2-MON (yarayara) was obtained from Aerofine Industries Ltd, Mumbai. Amberlyst-15 was procured from Rohm and Huss, USA., and Indion-130 from Ion Exchange (India) Ltd. These catalysts were used as such. Zeolites ZSM-5, Y and Mordenite were obtained from M/s Associated Cement Company (ACC), India. Commercially available acid treated KIO montmorillonite clay was obtained from Fluka. SWy-2 (Wyoming Na -montmorillonite) was obtained from Clay Minerals Society, Source Clay Minerals Repository, Missouri University, Columbia, USA. 

AMMONIUM SULPHATE (7783-20-2) H8N2O4S Noncombustible solid. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with fused potassium chlorate potassium nitrite. Reacts with caustics, forming ammonia. Hot material reacts with nitrates, nitrites, chlorates. Incompatible with strong oxidizers sulfuric acid aliphatic amines alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides isocyanates, vinyl acetate aUcylene oxides epichlorohydrin. Mixture with sodium hypochlorite forms nitrogen trichloride, an unstable explosive material. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 

Materials Solutions of calcium, strontium, and barium chlorides, ammonium carbonate, ammonium oxalate, acetic acid, and sodium chromate, calcium sulphate, strontium sulphate. 

Solubility of Lead Sulphate in Aqueous Solutions op Ammonium Acetate and op Sodium Acetate. 

The solutions of all proteins are optically active. Most proteins are amorphous substances. Some have been obtained, however, in crystalline condition from pumpkin, hemp seed, castor seed, and Brazil nuts. Edestin, a well characterized protein which occurs in a number of seeds, can be crystallized from a warm 5 per cent solution of sodium chloride. Other proteins which do not occur in nature in a crystalline condition have been crystallized. Egg albumin, after precipitation from solution by ammonium, sulphate and acetic acid, assumes a crystalline form on standing. 

Casein which is a phosphoprotein, is the chief nitrogenous constituent of milk, in which it occurs as a calcium salt in combination with calcium phosphate. Casein is insoluble in water, but its salts are readily soluble those of calcium, barium, strontium, and magnesium form opalescent colloidal solutions. The sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts form comparatively clear solutions, which pass through clay filters. Casein also forms salts with acids. It is precipitated from a solution of its salts and from milk by small quantities of mineral acids, and by larger amounts of acetic acid, but it dissolves in an excess of acid. Casein and its salts are precipitated from solutions by saturating the latter with sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate, or sodium sulphate. The solutions of the salts of casein... 

Trehalose, sucrose, maltose, fructose, raffinose, lactose, glucose Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 188, polysorbate 80, polysorbate 20, octoxynol-9, polyoxyethylene-(23) lauryl alcohol, polyxyethylene-(20) oleyl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulphate Sodium sulphate, ammonium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, sodium acetate, sodium lactate, sodium succinate, sodium proprionate, potassium phosphate Cyclodextrins, mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, xylitol, inositol Ascorbic acid, glutathione... 

Diaminodiphenylstibinic acid, (NH2.C6H4)2Sb0.0H.JH20. —3 3 -Diaminodiphenylstibinoxide in hydrochloric acid solution is precipitated by ammonium hydroxide and the suspension treated with hydrogen peroxide until a clear solution is obtained. The stibinic acid, formed as the oxidation product, is precipitated by acetic acid. The acid may be purified by conversion to the stibinic chloride hydrochloride, which is transformed into the acid by the action of sodium acetate on its aqueous solution. 3 8 -Diaminodiphenylstibinic acid is a grey powder, sparingly soluble in alcohol, soluble in warm spirit or warm acetic acid. From its solution in sulphuric acid alcohol precipitates the sulphate,... 

Many salts have the power of precipitating albuminoid substances from solution. The nature of the precipitate differs radically according to the salt used. In certain cases, the precipitate obtained is a metallo-organic compound, produced by a combination of salts with albuminoid substance. This is the case with ferric acetate, neutral or basic lead acetate, copper sulphate, and mercuric chloride. With other salts, such, for example, as with ammonium sulphate, zinc sulphate, potassium acetate, sodium sulphate and chloride, the precipitate is of another nature. The albuminoids precipitated have under-... 

Sulphuric acid Hydrochloric acid Nitric acid Caustic soda Sodium carbonate Sodium sulphate Copper sulphate Carbon disulphide Aluminium sulphate Oxygen (10,000m ) Hydrogen peroxide Citric acid Tannin extract Lead oxides (red lead, etc.) Zinc oxide Superphosphate Ammonium sulphate Calcium cyanamide Calcium carbide Ammonia Acetic acid... 

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