Snail Biomphalaria glabrata

Freshwater snail, Biomphalaria glabrata 500 By day 33 of exposure embryo survival was reduced 50% and adult growth and reproduction inhibited 9... 

Cooper, L.A., Richards, C.S., Lewis, F.A. and Minchella, D.J. (1994) Schistosoma mansoni relationship between low fecundity and reduced susceptibility to parasite infection in the snail Biomphalaria glabrata. Experimental Parasitology 79, 21-28. 

Cranath, W.O. Jr and Yoshino, T.P. (1 984) Schistosoma mansoni passive transfer of resistance by serum in the vector snail, Biomphalaria glabrata. Experimental Parasitology 58, 188-193. 

Cranath, W.O. Jr, Connors, V.A. and Tarleton, R.F. (1 994) Interleukin 1 activity in haemolymph from strains of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata varying in susceptibility to the human blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni presence, differential expression, and biological function. Cytokine 6, 21-2 7. 

Gregory, T.R. (2003) Genome size estimates for two important freshwater molluscs, the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and the schistosomiasis vector snail (Biomphalaria glabrata). Genome 46, 841-844. 

Knight, M., Miller, A., Raghavan, N., Richards, C. and Fewis, F. (1992) Identification of a repetitive element in the snail Biomphalaria glabrata relationship to the reverse transcriptase-encoding sequence in FINE-1 transposons. Gene 118, 181-187. 

Manger, P., Li, J., Christensen, B.M. and Yoshino, T.P. (1996) Biogenic monoamines in the freshwater snail, Biomphalaria glabrata influence of infection by the human blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A - Physiology 114, 227-234. 

Matricon-Condran, M. and Letocart, M. (1 999a) Internal defences of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 74, 224-234. 

Miller, A.N., Raghavan, N., FitzGerald, P.C., Lewis, F.A. and Knight, M. (2001) Differential gene expression in haemocytes of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata effects of Schistosoma mansoni infection. International Journal of Parasitology 31, 687-696. 

Muschamp, J.W. and Fong, P.P. (2001) Effects of the serotonin receptor ligand methiothepin on reproductive behavior of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata reduction of egg laying and induction of penile erection. Journal of Experimental Zoology 289, 202-207. 

Orta AJ, Sulfivan JT. Short-term immunoisolation of incompatible xenografts in a snail, Biomphalaria glabrata. Dev Comp Immunol. 2000 24 543-51. 

Tannins often possess molluscicidal activity against the schistosomiasis-transmitting snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. The active molluscicidal and piscicidal compounds from Mammea sia-mensis (Clusiaceae), Polygonum stagninum, and Diospyros diepenhorstii are all proanthocyanidin polymers (Balza et al., 1989). 

Steiner et al. (1998) used HPTLC to analyze amino acids in water conditioned by several medically important snails—Biomphalaria glabrata, Helisoma trivolvis, and Lymnaea elodes. Snail-conditioned water (SCW) provides information value (in the form of pheromones) to attract larval trematode parasites. The SCW samples were dried with air and reconstituted in 10% -propanol and then applied to cellulose HPTLC plates and developed with n-propanol-water (7 3). Amino acids were detected with ninhydrin reagent and the resulting color sample zones were compared to known standards. The amino acids present in SCW (h/ p values and color reactions with ninhydrin given in parentheses) were as follows an unknown (7, purple), aspartic acid (21, purple), serine (29, purple), alanine (40, purple), tryptophan (51, purple), valine (58, purple/orange), phenylalanine (64, light blue), and leucine (69, purple). The above amino acids were detected in the SCW of all the snails, except that phenylalanine was not detected in Lymnaea elodes. 

Liebsch, M., and Becker, W. (1990). Comparative glucose tolerance studies in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata. Influence of starvation and infection with the trem-atode Schistosoma mansoni. J. Comp. Phy.siol. B. Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol. 160 41-50. 

The same patterns of results have also derived from two separate but related investigations (E. Haslam, T. H. Lilley, and K. Hostettman, unpublished observations). Polyphenols act as inhibitors of many enzymes and the overall trends in enzyme inhibition by particular substrates are broadly related to their capacity to bind to protein. Similarly the molluscicidal activity of various polyphenolic substrates against the schistosomiasis-transmitting snail Biomphalaria glabrata appears to be closely parallel to their ability to complex with proteins. 

Bay leaf and some of its volatile compounds (esp. cineole, phenylhydrazine, gera-niol, and piperidine) have been shown to repel cockroaches. Aqueous extracts of the leaves and flowers have shown toxicity to snails (Biomphalaria glabrata) ... 

---