Signaling pathway divergent

Muzio M, Natoli G, Saccani S, Levrero M, Mantovani A. 1998. The human toll signaling pathway divergence of nuclear factor kB and JNK/SAPK activation upstream of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). J. Exp. Med. 187 2097-101... 

Recent studies in a model of ischemic stroke suggest that the acute neuro-protective effect of melatonin involves activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt pathway, whereas ERK-1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1/2, in addition to Akt signaling, appear to be involved in its long-term effects (Kilic et al. 2005). These results indicate that melatonin can interact with multiple cellular pathways to produce its diverse physiological effects. Moreover, MTi and MT2 receptors can interact with divergent signaling pathways, as shown by their ability to... 

Mathesius, U., Conservation and divergence of signalling pathways between roots and soil microbes — the Rhizobium-legame symbiosis compared to the development of lateral roots, mycor-rhizal interactions and nematode-induced galls. Plant Soil, 255, 105, 2003. 

Z. Sheng, K. Knowlton, J. Chen, M. Hoshijima, J.H. Brown and K.R. Chien, Cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1) inhibition of cardiac myocyte apoptosis via a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway. Divergence from downstream CT-1 signals for myocardial cell hypertrophy, J Biol Chem 272, 5783-5791 (1997). 

Ohmichi, M., Pang, L., Ribon, V, and Saltiel, a. R. Divergence of signaling pathways for insulin in PC-12 pheochro-mocytoma cells. Endocrinology, 1993, 133,... 

Some signaling pathways cross from the MAP kinase pathway to phosphorylate CREB, and all heterotrimeric G protein pathways diverge to include a route to the MAP kinase pathway. These types of complex interconnections in signaling pathways are sometimes called hormone cross-talk. 

Fig. 6-9 Schematic representation of (a) divergent and (b) convergent signaling pathways.

It is apparent from several studies reported in the literature that both asbestos and crystalline silica can induce lung cancer, probably through a multistage process, by certain common and/or divergent mechanisms. BoA asbestos and crystalline silica can cause DNA damage, altered gene expression, and activation of signaling pathways... 

Oesch-Bartlomowicz B, Huelster A, Wiss O, Anto-niou-Lipfert P, Dietrich C, Arand M, Weiss C, Bock-amp E, Oesch F (2005) Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation by cAMP vs. dioxin divergent signaling pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 9218-9223... 

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