Physiological diversity

Proteins. The most abundant and physiologically diverse natural biopolymers are proteins, which make up enzymes, hormones, and stmctural material such as hair, skin, and connective tissue. The monomer units of natural proteins, a-amino acids, condense to form dipeptides, tripeptides, polypeptides, and proteins. 

Klink, R., de Kerchove d Exaerde, A., Zoli, M., Changeux, J.P. Molecular and physiological diversity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the midbrain dopaminergic nuclei. J. Neurosci. 21 1452, 2001. 

McGehee, D.S. and Role, L.W. (1995) Physiological diversity of nictotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed by vertebrate neurons. Annual Review of Physiology 57, 521-546. 

Drake HL, Kiisel K, Matthies C. 2002. Ecological consequences of the phylogenetic and physiological diversities of acetogens. Ant V Leeuwenhoek 81 203-13. 

Certainly, considerable flexibility and adaptability of electron flow is expected in bacteria, and many new strains are expected to be found that obtain energy from these chemical reductions. The natural gene flow over the years in the anaerobic ecosystems has produced microorganisms of considerable physiologic diversity. These anaerobic organisms continue to provide numerous biochemical challenges in the areas of anaerobic reduction of metals, metalloids, and nonessential elements by microorganisms. 

Sipicki, M. (2002). Taxonomic and physiological diversity of Saccharomyces bayanus. In "Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Wine Yeasts", (M. Ciani, Ed.), pp. 53-69. Research Signpost, Kerala, India. 

Birren, B. (2002). The genome of M. acetivorans reveals extensive metabolic and physiological diversity. Genome Res. 12 532-42. 

Despite the physiological diversity of the purple bacteria the photosynthetic apparatus is much the same in all species. All purple bacteria contain only one type of chlorophyll, either BChl a or b. The light-harvesting and RC chromophores are all located in the cytoplasmic membrane or elaborate invaginations of it in the form of vesicles, tubules or lamellae [40]. 

Bagwell, C. E., Piceno, Y. M., Ashbume-Lucas, A., and Lovell, C. R. (1998). Physiological diversity of the rhizosphere diazotroph assemblages of selected salt marsh grasses. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64, 4276-4282. 

Scanlan, D. J. (2003). Physiological diversity and niche adaptation in marine Synechococais. Adv. Microb. Physiol. 47, 1—64. 

Galagan JE, Nusbaum C, Roy A, Endrizzi MG, Macdonald P, FitzHugh W, Calvo S, Engels R, Smirnov S, Atnoor D, Brown A, Allen N, Naylor J, et al. The genome of M. acetivorans reveals extensive metabolic and physiological diversity. Genome Res. 2002 12 532-542. 

Sass H., Wieringa E., Cypionka H., Babenzien H. D., and Overmann J. (1998) High genetic and physiological diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from an oligotrophic lake sediment. Arch. Microbiol. 170, 243—251. 

Rooney-Varga, J. N., Sharak Genthner, B. R., Devereux, R., Willis, S. G., Friedman, S. D., and Hines, M. E. (1998). Phylogenetic and physiological diversity of sulphate-reducing bacteria isolated from a salt marsh sediment. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 21, 557-568. 

Vertebrate-like neuropeptides are present in insects as demonstrated immunologically, and probably vice versa, but it is unclear what the function is for these peptides in their heterologous animal system. The structural similarities between these molecules suggest that common, biologically-active ancestral molecules may have existed and evolved to perform different functions depending on the physiological diversity and needs of the animals involved. 

Loret, R, Tengs, T., Villareal, T.A., Singler, H., Richradson, B., McGuire, R, Morton, S., Busman, M., and Campbell, L. No difference found in ribosomal DNA sequences from physiologically diverse clones of Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae) from the Gulf of Mexico, J. Plank. Res., 24, 735-739, 2002. 

Greenaway P (1999) Physiological diversity and the colonization of land. In Schram FR, von Vaupel Klein JC (eds) Proceedings of the fourth international crustacean congress. Brill Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 823-842... 

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