Shunt connection

Usually, copper surfaces are mated when joints must be periodically discoimected because copper offers low resistance and good wear. Junctions between copper and aluminum bus bars are improved by using a copper—aluminum transition joint that is welded to the aluminum member. Deterioration of aluminum shunt connections by arcing is eliminated when a transition joint is welded to both the primary bar and the shunting bar. 

Neben-schliessung, /., -schluss, m. Elec.) shunt, shunting, also shunt circuit, -schluss-schaltung, /. shunt connection, -schlu s-strom, m. Elec.) shunt current, -serie, /. subsidiary series, secondary aeries, subordi-... 

Shunt connection (excitation independent of armature current),... 

The creation of harmonics by minor consumers can usually by minimised or eliminated by the use of shunt-connected capacitors, simple internal filters or smoothing circuits. This is again a matter of specification before purchasing the equipment. 

These vessels are either arterovenous shunts connecting the cavernosal arteries with the corpus spongiosum (Wagner et al. 1982) or, more likely. 

A dc motors inherent speed-torque curve can be varied widely by adjusting the relative amounts of shunt and series fields. The series field may also be connected to aid or buck the shunt field. The usual practice is to connect the series field so that it adds to the shunt field (cumulative compound), which gives a stable, drooping speed with increasing load. 

This practice is usually adopted in oil circuit breakers (BOCBs and MOCBs). In air blast circuit breakers (ABCBs), and SF(, circuit breakers, a resistance is connected in shunt across the contact gap. such that R is introduced in the circuit during the making and interrupting processes only. 

Shunt capacitor - connected across the inductive circuit to improve its p.f. 

We will notice subsequently that series and shunt compensation are complementary. What a shunt capacitor cannot do, a series capacitor does and vice versa. On a secondary transmission system, say up to 66 kV, a shunt compensation may always be necessary to improve the power factor, as the load would mainly be indtictive. A series compensation may become essential, to improve the stability of the system, to cope with load fluctuations, switching of non-linear loads and voltage fluctuations occurring on the other power system or the grid to which this system may be connected. 

AIEE Conimiltee. Repot of a Survey on the Connection of Shunt Ciipocitor Banks. Report Vol. 77. pp. )4.S2-,S8, Feb. (I9.s9). Central Board of Irrigation and Power. India. Manual on Shioii Power Capacitors - Operation and Mainiena/u e. Technical Rept>n No. 33. Jan, (1984). 

Direct-current motors are classified as separately excited motors, series motors, shunt motors, and compound motors. The field winding of a separately excited motor is in a circuit that is energized by a separate dc source the field winding is not physically connected to the armature circuit (containing the armature winding). 

Shunt-Wound Motor. A shunt-wound motor is a direct-current motor in which the field circuit and armature circuit are connected in parallel. 

Straight Shunt-Wound Motor. A straight shunt-wound motor is a direct-current motor in which.the field circuit is connected either in parallel with the armature circuit or to a separate source of excitation voltage. The shunt field is the only winding supplying f ield excitation. 

Shunt-Wound Motors. These motors operate at approximately constant speed regardless of variations in load when connected to a constant supply voltage and with fixed field excitation. Maximum decrease in speed as load varies from no load to full load is about 10-12%. 

Cell construction, current feeders and power supply are less expensive for the hipolar connection (see also Fig. 12), but the different potentials of all electrodes can be problematical (e.g. shunt currents, additional by-products, and corrosion in the channels). 

LASL, Los Alamos, NM. The transducer described in his paper and shown in Fig 31 was in the form of an uncharged parallel-plate capacitor which had an explosive as a dielectric. One plate was connected to the signal input terminal of an oscilloscope, while the other plate was grounded and acted as part of the attenuator in the boosting system. When the shock wave in the grounded attenuator plate hir the explosive, a voltage appeared across the capacitor and a pulse appeared on the oscilloscope. Two oscilloscopes were used to record the waveform of the current in the transducer circuit which consisted of a small capacitance shunted by the small resistance of the signal cable. 

The blood of the patient, withdrawn from an artery near the wrist, is allowed to flow through the blood circuit, which includes the dialyzer, usually a blood pump plus monitoring instruments, and is returned to a nearby vein. The connections to the blood vessels are made via the so-called subcutaneous arteriovenous shunt this involves an artificial tube that connects the artery and vein underneath the wrist skin. 

One may note that there are instances in which a given object directly influences, if not determines, the behaviour of a large organism of much higher complexity, as in the case of psychotropes, where molecules directly affect the psychical state. These may be considered as complexity-shunt processes due to interactions and connections that (apparently) bypass intermediate levels of complexity. Another aspect resides in the ways and means to control the behaviour of complex systems [10.19]. 

The sensor signal is caused by changes of surface electrical resistance (ARS) this resistance is shunted by bulk gold resistance (R X The measurable resistance of the parallel connected Rs and i b is RsRb/Rs + R y. Small changes of the surface resistance Rs for the value ARs (where ARS< RS) lead to changes of the measurable resistance AR ... 

Kolf s early devices were used for patients who had suffered acute kidney failure as a result of trauma or poisoning and needed dialysis only a few times. Such emergency treatment was the main application of hemodialysis until the early 1960s, because patients suffering from chronic kidney disease require dialysis two to three times per week for several years, which was not practical with these early devices. However, application of hemodialysis to this class of patient was made possible by improvements in the dialyzer design in the 1960s. The development of a plastic shunt that could be permanently fitted to the patient to allow easy access to their blood supply was also important. This shunt, developed by Scribner et al. [6], allowed dialysis without the need for surgery to connect the patient s blood vessels to the dialysis machine for each treatment. 

Liver cirrhosis is among the top 10 causes of death in the Western world. The disease occurs after chronic damage to hepatic cells, mainly hepatocytes, which can be caused by viral hepatitis, chronic alcohol abuse or toxic injury, biliary disease, and metabolic liver disorders [64], Liver cirrhosis is characterized by an abnormal deposition of connective tissue in the liver, which hampers the normal functions of the liver. Other features of the disease are general tissue damage, chronic inflammation, and the conversion of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules. Secondary to these anatomical changes are disturbances in the liver function and in the hemodynamics leading to portal hypertension and intrahepatic shunting [39, 64, 103],... 

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