SGPT test

The SGOT and SGPT tests are also important in occupational medicine, to determine whether people exposed to carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, or other industrial solvents have suffered liver damage. Liver degeneration caused by these solvents is accompanied by leakage of various enzymes from injured hepato-cytes into the blood. Aminotransferases are most useful in the monitoring of people exposed to these chemicals, because these enzyme activities are high in liver and can be detected in very small amounts. 

A measurement of renal function (creatinine and/or BUN) is an essential test for most clinical studies, as is the inclusion of an panel of liver function tests (SGOT, SGPT, LDH, CPK, GGT, and/or alkaline phosphatase). The specific tests chosen to be included in a study are somewhat dependent on both the investigator s and/or clinical scientist s experiences and the characteristics of the drug. Other important parameters to measure include serum electrolytes and at least some of the tests listed in Table 20.12. 

A truck spill in 1985 resulted in exposure of an estimated 80 people. Signs and symptoms were headache in six persons, mucous membrane irritation in five, dizziness in five, and chest discomfort in four. Eleven of 41 persons tested had slightly elevated SCOT and/or SGPT values. In 28 persons interviewed 12 weeks after exposure, complaints were headache in 12, abdominal discomfort in 6, chest discomfort in 5, and malaise in 5. In one case the diagnosis was pneumonia, based on persistent dyspnea and cough. 

A high prevalence of abnormal liver functions tests (SCOT and SGPT) was observed among 614 Michigan adults compared with 141 Wisconsin adults considered as controls. ... 

BUN level blood chemistry test results and serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, creatinine, AST (SCOT), and ALT (SGPT) levels to assess hepaticand renal function... 

Transient mild elevations of liver function tests, particularly serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (typically presents and resolves within first 6 weeks of treatment)... 

Liver function tests Serum ALT (SGPT) levels taken at baseline and every 2 weeks... 

E-7) SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase), more recently called ALT (alanine aminotransferase), acts at diis step. Both names make sense, depending on which way you read the chemical reaction. This enzyme is especially concentrated in the liver it leaks out of the liver cell and rises in the serum with liver damage, as in hepatitis and mononucleosis. It does not significantly increase in myocardial infarction and, hence, the test is more specific than SGOT for liver disease. 

Obtain baseline testing to include pulmonary function tests, chest x-ray, liver enzyme tests, SCOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase... 

Chronic exposure to low 1,1,1-trichloroethane levels (<250 ppm) did not affect serum chemistry parameters, including SCOT, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), bilirubin, LDH, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and alkaline phosphatase, in individuals tested as part of a matched pair epidemiology study (Kramer et al. 1978). Results from tests for hepatic function were unremarkable in 28 workers exposed to unspecified, but high, concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloroethane for approximately 10 years (Kelafant et al. 1994). 

Ethanol, when given orally to mice at doses of 0.125-2.0 g/kg, potentiated both the lethality and behavioral effects (inverted screen test) of inhaled 1,1,1-trichloroethane at concentrations ranging from = 200 to 10,000 ppm (Woolverton and Balster 1981). In another study, a 3-day pretreatment of mice with ethanol enhanced 1,1,1-trichloroethane-induced liver toxicity, as indicated by an assay of liver function (bromosulfophthale in retention in plasma), but not an assay of liver damage (SGPT levels) (Klaassen and Plaa 1966). Other studies, using only serum enzyme levels to assay liver... 

Ten adult male volunteers and 10 adult female volunteers were sequentially exposed to 0, 20, 100, or 150 ppm tetrachloroethylene vapor for 1 hour, 3 hours, or 7.5 hour periods, 5 days/week for one week at each exposure concentration. No ethanol consumption was permitted during the exposure sequence. A complete panel of clinical chemistries was obtained each week. The tests completed included a serum alkaline phosphatase, a serum glutamic pymvic transaminase (SGPT), an SGOT, and a serum bilirabin. These results were compared to the preexposure and postexposure values. No deviation ifom baseline was observed (Stewart et al. 1981). Six males and six females were randomly exposed to 0, 25, or 100 ppm tetrachloroethylene vapor for 5.5 hours, 5 days a week, over an 11-week period (Stewart et al. 1977). A complete panel of clinical chemistries was obtained each week, which included a serum alkaline phosphatase, an SGPT, an SGOT, and a serum bilirubin. These results were compared to preexposure and postexposure values no deviations from baseline were observed. 

Peck et al. (1978) studied the effects of isotretinoin in 81 patients with various dermatologic disorders and reported elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate in 13 patients, slight increases in SGPT in three patients, increased SCOT in one patient, and increased alkaline phosphatase in two patients. In a SO-patient study conducted by Yoder and Peck (1977), the only abnormal laboratory test was elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate noted in seven patients. Elrug-related hypercalcemia was seen in 3 of 42 patients treated with isotretinoin for various malignancies (Cassidy et al., 1981). 

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