Mouse kidney

Til tee successive tubule portions contribute to the ASDN the late portion of the distal convoluted tubule, the connecting tubule, and the collecting duct. The recent observation that collecting duct-specific inactivation of aENaC in the mouse kidney does not impair sodium and potassium balance, suggests that the more proximal nephron segments (late distal convoluted tubule, connecting tubule) are mainly important for-achieving sodium and potassium balance. 

Figure 10. Primary cultures of mouse kidney cells. Primary cultures of kidney epithelial cells derived from 10-day-old mice were grown either in hormonally defined medium with five supplements (5 pg/ml insulin, 5 pg/ml transferrin, 25 ng/ml PCE, 5 X10" M hydrocortisone, and 5 x 10" M Tj), or in medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. After 10 days, primary cultures still were epithelial in morphology serum free (a) but were overgrown with fibroblasts with serum (b). (Taub et al., 1979 with permission.)...

Fig. 6.8 Electron photomicrograph of mouse kidney mitochondria. The structure of both the cytoplasmatic membrane (centre) and the mitochondrial membranes is visible on the ultrathin section. Magnification 70,000x. (By courtesy of J. Ludvik)... 

Branchflower RV, Nunn DS, Highet RJ, et al. 1984. Nephrotoxicity of chloroform Metabolism to phosgene by the mouse kidney. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 72 159-168. 

Pohl LR, George JW, Satoh H. 1984. Strain and sex differences in chloroform-induced nephrotoxicity Different rates of metabolism of chloroform to phosgene by the mouse kidney. Drug Metab Dispos 12 304-308. 

S. typhimurlum NM2009 DNA damage Mouse kidney S-9 + ND Imaoka et al. 1997... 

Golub NI. 1970. [Transplacental action of 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine and ortho-tolidine on organ cultures of embryonie mouse kidney tissue.] Bull Exp Biol Med 54 1280-1283. [Russian]... 

Omae K, Nakashima H, Takebayashi T, et al No-effect level of subacute tetraethoxysilane inhalation on the mouse kidney. J Occup Health 37(1) 1-1, 1995... 

Ban M, de Ceaurriz J. 1988. Probenecid-induced protection against acute hexachloro-1,3-butadiene and methyl mercury toxicity to the mouse kidney. Toxicol Lett 40 71-76. 

FIGURE 8.5 Effect of dispersion compensation in two-photon depth imaging. Image acquisition of thick mouse kidney sample collected in a series of z-sections at different depths, which demonstrates that MIIPS compensated pulses attain better signal, and deeper penetration than those with GDD-only compensation. The image size is about 100 pm. The objective used is Nikon 60 x 1.45 NA, with working distance of 130 pm. (From Xi et al. Opt. Comm. 281(7) 1841-1849, 2008. Used with permission.)... 

Figure 9.41 Lateral distributions of (a) , (b) Zn and (c) Pt on thin cross section of mouse kidney measured by LA-ICP-MS. (M. Zoriy, A. Matusch,...

Thus in some cases, enzyme expression is directly influenced in a particular organ by testosterone or estrogens. For example, in the mouse kidney, testosterone directly regulates the expression of cytochrome P-450 isozymes, and this leads to the particular sensitivity of the female kidney to the nephrotoxicity of paracetamol. 

Similar sex and species differences have been described for glutathione S-transferase activity. The activities of glutathione-S-transferase (using dichloronitrobenzene as a substrate) were two- to three-fold higher in the livers of male B6C3F] mice, compared with female mice and Fischer 344 rats of both sexes, and about seven-fold higher than in male mouse kidney. Neither hepatic nor renal fonnaldehyde dehydrogenase showed any sex difference in either species, but the activities in mouse liver were about two-fold... 

GVA, Gene mutation, lad Big Blue mouse kidney cells in vivo + 600 po X 4 de Boer etal. (1996)... 

Methyl methanesulfonate induced DNA strand breaks in mouse kidney and spermatozoa and DNA fragmentation in rat brain cells following in-vivo treatment. 

DVA, DNA single-strand breaks, NMRI mouse kidney in vivo + 33 ip X 1 Solveig Walles ... 

The reaction mixtures contained initially mouse kidney enzyme (0.5 mg), l- or D-amino acids (5 pmoles), D,L-amino acids (lOpmoles), MgCU (4 pmoles), and 2-amino-2-(hydrox-ymethyl)-l,3-propanediol-HCl buffer (33 pinoles pH 8.3) in a final volume of 0.2 ml 37° analysis hy procedure C. 

Nucleotidase present in 48,000 X Q supernatant fractions of rat and guinea pig skeletal muscle extracts has been examined briefly (7-4). 5 -UMP seems to be the preferred substrate. The enzyme from fish skeletal muscle has also been studied (75). This enzyme hydrolyzes all ribo-and deoxyribonucleoside 5 -phosphates (except dCMP and dTMP) with preference for 5 -IMP and 5 -UMP. The enzyme is strongly activated by Mn2+ Mg2+ is a less powerful activator, and Zn2+ and EDTA are inhibitors. This enzyme thus appears similar to the soluble activity from mammalian liver (88, 86). 5 -Nucleotidase in mammary gland hydrolyzes all 5 -ribonucleotides and shows a decrease from pregnancy to early lactation (76). Rats injected with glucagon show increased 5 -nucleotidase in pancreatic islet tissue (77). The enzyme in mouse kidney has been examined histochemically and electrophoretically and found to exist as isozymes (75). Electrophoretic techniques have also provided evidence that the enzyme exists as isozymes in many other tissues of the mouse such as liver, spleen, intestine, testes, and heart (79). 

Liu and co-workers treated the (V,N -bis(trimethylsilyl) derivatives of 104 with 2,3,5-tris-O-benzoyl-D-ribosyl bromide. Debenzoylation of the intermediate product afforded /J-D-ribofuranosyl-/V,/V -pentameth-yleneurea nucleoside 137, found to be a cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor against mouse kidney enzyme (although less effective than the seven- or six-membered ring homologs) (81JMC662). 

Concentrations of oligonucleotide in the liver and kidney of mice and monkeys after three months of treatment were dose-dependent, but were generally less than dose-proportional (especially in the case of mouse kidney), indicating a saturable process for tissue uptake and distribution. Tissue concentrations of oligonucleotides after four and 13 weeks of treatment were generally higher in monkeys than in mice at comparable dose levels [26]. In both mice and monkeys, it appeared that steady-state concentrations were almost attained in liver and kidney... 

Abbott BD, Morgan KS, Bimbaum LS, et al. 1987b. TCDD alters the extracellular matrix and basal lamina of the fetal mouse kidney. Teratol 35 335-344. 

Mouse kidney homogenate (3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid) (Minor) 115... 

One in vitro study on rat renal tissue homogenate showed barium weakly inhibited the sodium-potassium-adenosine triphosphatase enzyme system (Kramer et al. 1986). A second study on mouse kidney tubules showed barium chloride could depolarize the membrane and inhibit potassium transport (Volkl et al. 1987). A similar defect in cell membrane transport in humans could be responsible for the renal involvement observed in some cases of acute barium poisoning. 

Ciaranello RD, Tan GL, Dean R. G Protein-linked serotonin receptors in mouse kidney exhibit identical properties to 5-HTlb receptors in brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990 252 1347-1354. 

Tanaka, T., Nishiyama, Y., Okada, K., Hirota, K., Matsui, M., Yodoi, J., Hiai, H., and Toyokuni, S. 1997. Induction and nuclear translocation of thioredoxin by oxidative damage in the mouse kidney independence of tubular necrosis and sulfhydryl depletion. Lab. Invest. 77 145-155. 

P.M. Rodier, B. Kates, and R. Simons, Mercury localization in mouse kidney over time Autography versus silver staining. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 257 235-245, 1988. 

One of the major problems in establishing cultures of epithelial cells is the overgrowth of these cells by the faster growing fibroblasts and serum-free media have been devised which do not permit fibroblast growth, thus allowing cultures of mouse kidney epithelial cells to be obtained (Taub et al., 1979 Taub and Sato, 1980) (Fig. 

Fig. 5.2. Primary baby mouse kidney cultures were established at about 103 cells/cm2 in medium based on a 50 50 mixture of DMEM F12 supplemented with 10% FBS (a) or a mixture of 5 hormones (PGE1, hydrocortisone, triodothyronine, insulin and transferrin (b). Although over 99% of the attached cells were epithelial at day 1, by the time the photograph was taken (day 11), fibroblasts had completely overgrown the epithelial cells in the serum-supplemented medium. Only epithelial cells are present in the hormone-supplemented culture. (Reproduced from Taub et al., 1979, with thanks.)...

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