Self-reporting advantages

The examples listed in Table 3.21 illustrate the synthetic possibilities of cross metathesis. In many of the procedures reported, advantage is taken of the fact that some alkenes (e.g. acrylonitrile, styrenes) undergo slow self metathesis only. Interestingly, it is also possible to realize cross metathesis between alkenes and alkynes (Table 3.21, Entries 11-13), both in solution and on solid supports [927,928]. 

A key aspect of gradient libraries is that they reside on a single substrate, and this has several advantages. Foremost, gradient libraries yield an entire set of systematic results from a single compound experiment. In this sense, they are self-reporting . 

Modern test theory offers the potential for individualized, comparable assessments for the careful examination and application of different health status measures. One such theory is item response theory (IRT). Researchers report that IRT has a number of potential advantages over the currently employed classical test theory in assessing self-reported health outcomes. Applications of the IRT models are ideally suited for implementing computer adaptive testing. IRT methods are also reported to be helpful in developing better health outcome measures and in assessing change over time. ° ... 

Many companies seem to be reluctant to telephone the EPA before filing a self-report, perhaps out of a concern that the EPA will take advantage of prior notice of the violation. This should not be a concern. Telephoning the EPA in advance to estabhsh a personal rapport can be very helpful in the penalty assessment process. Having a personal contact will also be helpful if there are further questions about the self-report or if the company wants to elaborate on its position later. The self-reporting letter should be ready to send at the time of the initial phone call to the EPA so that the letter can follow the call. 

One of the advantages of a self-reporting approach is its applicability to assessment from another party s perspective. For instance, patient views of doctors likehhood to perform safety-related actions can be ehcited as follows patients are asked to what extent they wottld expect a doctor to perform each reaction item, assmning they become a victim of the same fictitions adverse event. Then, comparisons between patient and staff responses allow ns to identify similarities or differences between staff s self-reported attimdes and patient expectations of staff actions. 

These findings are based solely on questionnaire self-report data. Undoubtedly it would have been an advantage if comparable data could have been obtained from the youngsters parents and/or teachers, but the requirements of confidentiality put this out of the question. In any event, the desirability of objective data has to be viewed in the light of who is best placed to identify the problem in question. 

A low temperature catalytic process has been reported (64). The process involves the divalent nickel- or zero-valent palladium-catalyzed self-condensation of halothiophenols in an alcohol solvent. The preferred halothiophenol is -bromothiophenol. The relatively poor solubiHty of PPS under the mild reaction conditions results in the synthesis of only low molecular weight PPS. An advantage afforded by the mild reaction conditions is that of making telecheHc PPS with functional groups that may not survive typical PPS polymerization conditions. 

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