Selenium vitamin E and

The possible involvement of free radicals in the development of hypertension has been suspected for a long time. In 1988, Salonen et al. [73] demonstrated the marked elevation of blood pressure for persons with the lowest levels of plasma ascorbic acid and serum selenium concentrations. In subsequent studies these authors confirmed their first observations and showed that the supplementation with antioxidant combination of ascorbic acid, selenium, vitamin E, and carotene resulted in a significant decrease in diastonic blood pressure [74] and enhanced the resistance of atherogenic lipoproteins in human plasma to oxidative stress [75]. Kristal et al. [76] demonstrated that hypertention is accompanied by priming of PMNs although the enhancement of superoxide release was not correlated with the levels of blood pressure. Russo et al. [77] showed that essential hypertension patients are characterized by higher MDA levels and decreased SOD activities. 

Segerson EC, Johnson BH. 1979. Selenium/vitamin E and reproductive function in Angus bulls. J Anim Sci 48(Suppl 1) 336. 

Wu SH, Oldfield JE, Whanger PD, et al. 1973. Effect of selenium, vitamin E, and antioxidants on testicular function in rats. Biol Reprod 8(5) 625-629. 

Heinerman is a proponent of fohc acid and vitamin A from natural sources, vitamin C, selenium, vitamin E, and zinc. 

Combs, G.F. and Regenstein, J.M. (1980) Influence of selenium, vitamin E and ethoxyquin on lipid peroxidation in muscle tissues from fowl during low temperature storage. Poult. Sci. 59, 347-351. 

Toivanen, J. L., 1987, Effects of selenium, vitamin E and vitamin C on human prostacyclin and thromboxane synthesis in vitro. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Med. 26 265-280. 

Liver disease— The liver is vulnerable to damage by the toxic peroxides generated during fat metabolism, unless it is supplied with sufficient amounts of selenium, vitamin E, and/ or sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine and cysteine) to prevent the buildup of peroxides. 

Vitamin E acetate [58-95-7] serves primarily as an antioxidant and is closely associated with selenium. Vitamin E usually is present in... 

Supplementation with antioxidant micronutrients, for example, vitamin E and selenium, in the elderly and in dementia subjects (Tolonen et al., 1985) has indicated that such treatments may be of some limited benefit. The value of ascorbate as a cerebroprotective antioxidant against excitotoxic neuronal injury has been proposed (Griinewald, 1993). 

Tolonen, M., Halme, M. and Sama, S. (1985). Vitamin E and selenium supplementation in geriatric patients. A doubleblind preliminary clinical trial. Biol. Trace Element Res. 7, 161-168. 

The risk of colon cancer appears to be inversely related to calcium and folate intake. Calciums protective effect may be related to a reduction in mucosal cell proliferation rates or through its binding to bile salts in the intestine, whereas dietary folate helps in maintaining normal bowel mucosa. Additional micronutrient deficiencies have been demonstrated through several studies to increase colorectal cancer risk and include selenium, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, and 3-carotene however, the benefit of dietary supplementation does not appear to be substantial.11... 

Other agents, including selenium, vitamin E, lycopene, green tea, nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory agents, isoflavones, and statins, are under investigsation for prostate cancer and show promise. Selenium is a naturally occurring trace element that is an essential nutrient in the human diet.8 However, none of these agents is currently recommended for routine use outside a clinical trial. 

The synergistic effect observed in the presence of all three antioxidants implies that there is an interaction between the individual antioxidant components. The direct interaction of the a-tocopherol radical and ascorbic acid is already well established (Bisby and Parker 1995) and a study by Mayne and Parker (1989) on chicks deficient in vitamin E and selenium showed that the... 

Hogan J S, Weiss W P and Smith K L (1993), Role of vitamin E and selenium in host defense against mastitis , Journal of Dairy Science, 76, 2795-2803. 

The effects of antioxidants on protein oxidation were also studied in animal experiments. Barja et al. [73] demonstrated that feeding guinea pigs with vitamin C decreased endogenous protein oxidative damage in the liver. Administration of the mixture of antioxidants containing Trolox C, ascorbic palmitate, acetylcysteine, (3-carotene, ubiquinones 9 and 10, and (+)-catechin in addition to vitamin E and selenium to rats inhibited heme protein oxidation of kidney homogenates more efficiently than vitamin E + selenium [74]. 

Acute oral LD50, diet deficient in Vitamin E and selenium (Combs and Peterson 1983)... 

Thorarinsson, R., M.L. Landholt, D.G. Elliott, R.J. Pascho, and R.W. Hardy. 1994. Effect of dietary Vitamin E and selenium on growth, survival and the prevalence of Renibacterium salmoninarium in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Aquaculture 121 343-358. 

Ramstock ER et al Trialkyl lead metabolism and lipid peroxidation in vivo in vitamin E-and selenium deficient rats as measured by ethane production. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 54 251-257, 1980... 

Prostate cancer effect. Saw palmetto, vitamin E, and selenium supplements were used by 26.5% of the questioned men diagnosed with prostate cancer . PC-SPES, an herbal mixture of chrysanthemum, isatis, licorice, Ganoderrm lucidum, Panax pseudo-ginseng, Rabdosia rubescens, saw palmetto. 

Laboratory studies of vitamin and mineral inadequacy associate such deficiencies with DNA damage, which indicates that the vitamin and mineral content of fruits and vegetables may explain the observed association between fruit and vegetable intake and cancer risk. Antioxidants such as vitamin C (whose dietary source is fruits and vegetables), vitamin E, and selenium... 

No other studies were located regarding additive or synergistic toxic interactions of silver with any other substance. However, exposure to moderate-to-high silver levels (130-1000 ppm) in rats with dietary deficiencies such as vitamin E alone (Bunyan et al. 1968 Grasso et al. 1969) or vitamin E and selenium (Van Vleet 1976 Van Vleet et al. 1981) can cause moderate-to-severe liver necrosis. 

Ganther HE. 1980. Interactions of vitamin E and selenium with mercury and silver. Ann NY Acad Sci 355 212-226. 

McDowell LR, Forseth JA, Piper RC. 1978. Influence of arsenic, sulfur, cadmium, tellurium, silver and selenium on the selenium-vitamin E deficiency in the pig. Nutrition Reports International 17 19-34. 

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