Peroxide toxicity

The toxicity of a number of hydroperoxides and peroxides were investigated some years ago by a group that believed that the lethality of radiation could be largely explained as being due to the lipid peroxidation that it induces (ID. These data are shown in Table II. It has been suggested (12.) that these data were not corrected for deaths due to peritonitis, and further study in this area might be worthwhile, particularly since this early report (71) appears to be the only structure-activity study of peroxide toxicity. 

Organic mercurials are capable of inducing nephrotoxicity in S2 and S3 segments of the proximal tubule. Part of the S3 damage results from the biotransformation of the organic mercurial to release mercuric ions. Methylmercury (CH3Hg + ) readily concentrates in renal proximal tubular cells and alters mitochondrial function and lysosomes. At least part of methylmercury-induced nephrotoxicity may be due to homolytic scission of methylmercury to release methyl radicals and to lipid peroxidative toxicity. 

Hazard Flammable, dangerous fire risk, may form explosive peroxides. Toxic by inhalation, absorbed by skin, a carcinogen. TLV (technical grade) TWA 25 ppm animal carcinogen. 

Calcium Peroxide Toxic dust respirator general-purpose gloves chemical safety goggles full cover clothing. Remove to fresh air. Flush with water. Flush with water for 15 minutes. And consult physician. 

Surh, J., and H. Kwon, 2003. Simultaneous determination of 4-hydroxy-2-alkenals, lipid peroxidation toxic products. 20 325-330. 

There are nine classes of dangerous goods, with divisions of some classes. The classes are explosive flammable and non-flammable non-toxic gases flammable liquids flammable solids and spontaneously combustible materials oxidizing substances and organic peroxides toxic and infectious substances radioactive and fissile materials corrosive substances and miscellaneous. 

Safety/Toxicity Carcinogenicity cytotoxicity excitotoxicity hydrogen peroxide toxicity neurotoxicity ... 

Lomonosova, E. E. Kirsch, M. deGroot, H. Calcium vs. iron-mediated processes in hydrogen peroxide toxicity to L929 cells effects of glucose. Free Radical Biol. Med. 1998, 25, 493-503. 

For the experiments biofilm from separately grown Sp and Aa strains was made on polycarbonate membrane. First the Sp biofilm was spread on the membrane and after a spot of the Aa culture was added. In this way a 25 pm diameter bacterial biofilm of Sg with a spot of 5-7 pm Aa in the middle was obtained as substrate for SECM studies. Two different strains of Aa were used - the Y4 and the Y4-katA -containing an insertion mutant of the catalase-encoding gene katA. It is Aa with higher tolerance to hydrogen peroxide toxicity. 

Bruno-Barcena, J.M., Andrus, J.M., Libby, S.L., et al. (2004). Expression of a heterologous manganese superoxide dismutase gene in intestinal lactobacilli provides protection against hydrogen peroxide toxicity. Appl Environ Microbiol 70, 4702-4710. 

Lovell, M. A. Xie, C. Xiong, S. Markesbery, W. R. Protection against amyloid beta peptide and iron/hydrogen peroxide toxicity by alpha lipoic acid. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2003,5,229-239. 

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