Secondary amine definition

TS-1 is a material that perfectly fits the definition of single-site catalyst discussed in the previous Section. It is an active and selective catalyst in a number of low-temperature oxidation reactions with aqueous H2O2 as the oxidant. Such reactions include phenol hydroxylation [9,17], olefin epoxida-tion [9,10,14,17,40], alkane oxidation [11,17,20], oxidation of ammonia to hydroxylamine [14,17,18], cyclohexanone ammoximation [8,17,18,41], conversion of secondary amines to dialkylhydroxylamines [8,17], and conversion of secondary alcohols to ketones [9,17], (see Fig. 1). Few oxidation reactions with ozone and oxygen as oxidants have been investigated. 

It is not possible to propose a general mechanism from these studies, for results do not correspond to a definite pattern. Although, in all the systems, secondary amines are the most effective inhibitors, the role played by tertiary amines is confusing. In several systems (Table I, No. 1, 2, and 3) tertiary amines are much more effective than primary amines, but in others they appear to have little or no effect. Again, in acetaldehyde oxidation (Table I, No. 1 and 2) there is generally a linear relationship between the amount of inhibitor added and the induction period before either slow oxidation or ignition of the fuel occurs. In other systems (Table I, No. 3, 4, and 5), however, a much more complex relationship is obtained. Thus, amines may be acting by different mechanisms in different systems. 

Primary amines may be readily distinguished from secondary and tertiary analogues by the presence of two absorption bands in the infrared spectrum between 3320 and 3500 cm-1 (symmetric and antisymmetric NH str.). Secondary amines exhibit a single absorption band at about 3350 cm-1 (NH str.). In both cases deformation modes for the NH bond appear at about 1600 cm-1. There is no satisfactory absorption to allow a definitive characterisation in the case of tertiary amines. In the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of primary and secondary amines, the nitrogen-bound hydrogens are recognisable by their replaceability on the addition of deuterium oxide. 

The presence of a substituent in the 3-position of the NCA precludes equilibrium (6) and hence prevents the occurrence of reaction (18). It follows that, on the basis of the mechanisms described above, such NCA s should not polymerize unless a protic base (for example a primary or secondary amine) or other source of protons (for example, 3-methyl hydantoin) is present. If it could be established that polymerization does proceed with an aprotic base in aprotic media then some other mechanism of polymerization must be operative. This matter has been of central importance in discussions of various mechanisms of polymerization which have been advanced (Section 3). Experimentelly, it is not easy to obtain definitive evidence because of the high sensitivity of NCA s to protonic impurities (such as water and alcohols) in the presence of bases. It has been shown [18, 19, 38a] that proline NCA (X) and sarcosine NCA (I Ri = R2 = H, R3 = CH3) do not polymerize in the presence of tertiary bases under strictly aprotic conditions. With alkoxides, realization of such conditions is difficult, but it would appear that, at least with proline NCA, such strong bases can bring about ionization of the methine hydrogen and hence initiate polymerization as shown in (26). Evidence for this mechanism is provided by the observation that while sodium methoxide enriched... 

As the first transition metal-based homogeneous catalysis of hydroamination, in the early 1970s Coulson from the Du Pont laboratories had described the addition of secondary aliphatic amines to ethylene in the presence of various rhodium compounds [15, 16]. Definite results were reported with RhCl3 3 H2O as pre-catalyst in tetrahydrofuran as solvent under starting ethylene pressures of 5-14 MPa at 180-200 °C for different secondary amines (Table 3). 

Remarkable in this assortment of bases is the appearance of four formulas which, if correct, indicate the presence of alkaloids carrying a secondary (instead of the usual tertiary) amino group. Of these four bases, lucaconine (89) is definitely stated to be a secondary amine, although this function has not been characterized. Talatisamine (3), although formulated as a secondary amine, does not yield a crystalline A -acyl derivative with acetic anhydride or with benzoyl chloride, and fails to react with methyl iodide since only the base itself has been analyzed, the... 

CAS 61789-76-2 EINECS/ELINCS 263-086-0 Synonyms Amines, dicoco alkyl Dicoco alkyl amine Definition Secondary aliphatic amine derived from coconut acid Formula RjNH, R represents the coconut radical Properties Solid m.p. 40-47 C cationic Toxicology TSCA listed... 

The [3-hydroxy amines are a class of compounds falling within the generic definition of Eq. 6A.6. When the alcohol is secondary, the possibility for kinetic resolution exists if the Ti-tartrate complex is capable of catalyzing the enantioselective oxidation of the amine to an amine oxide (or other oxidation product). The use of the standard asymmetric epoxidation complex (i.e., T2(tartrate)2) to achieve such an enantioselective oxidation was unsuccessful. However, modification of the complex so that the stoichiometry lies between Ti2 (tartrate) j and Ti2(tartrate)1 5 leads to very successful kinetic resolutions of [3-hydroxyamines. A representative example is shown in Eq. 6A.11 [141b,c]. The oxidation and kinetic resolution of more than 20 secondary [3-hydroxyamines [141,145a] provides an indication of the scope of the reaction and of some... 

The CMMS micromembrane suppressor also allows the application of concentration gradients in combination with conductivity detection that is indispensable for cation detection. A mixture of hydrochloric acid and 2,3-diaminopropionic acid suitable for chemical suppression is used as the eluent. The gradient technique, however, plays a secondary role in cation analysis, since it can only be applied for the analysis of alkali and alkaline-earth metals as well as a number of short-chain aliphatic amines. It is definitely not suitable for the analysis of heavy and transition metals, where different... 

Classical hallucinogens are agents that meet the Hollister definition (2) and, in addition, bind at 5-HT2 serotonin receptors and are recognized by DOM-trained animals in tests of stimulus generalization (5). The classical hallucinogens all possess the general structure Ar-C-C-N, where Ar is a substituted phenyl, 3-indolyl, or substituted 3-indolyl moiety C-C is an ethyl or branched ethyl chain and N is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine. This will be further discussed. (See Chapter 14 for additional information on serotonin receptors.)... 

Definition Secondary aliphatic amine derived from coconut acid... 

The chemiluminescence intensity from the reaction of amines with tris(2,2 -bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) is generally in the order tertiary > secondary > primary, but no definitive mechanisms have been elucidated. Derivatives of tris(2,2 -bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) have been introduced as labels for immunoassay or DNA probes (e.g., (13)). The use of chemiluminescent labels is clearly advantageous due to their nonradio-active nature and they can be quantified at sub-pi-comolar levels via oxidation in the presence of tripropylamine. 

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