Secondary alcohols classification

In this example, the product can be variously described as a secondary alcohol, a ben-zylic alcohol, and an allylic alcohol. Can you identify the structural reason for each classification ... 

Widdel F, PE Rouviere, RS Wolfe (1988) Classification of secondary alcohol-utilizing methanogens including a new thermophilic isolate. Arch Microbiol 150 477-481. 

The most characteristic reaction of butadiene catalyzed by palladium catalysts is the dimerization with incorporation of various nucleophiles [Eq. (11)]. The main product of this telomerization reaction is the 8-substituted 1,6-octadiene, 17. Also, 3-substituted 1,7-octadiene, 18, is formed as a minor product. So far, the following nucleophiles are known to react with butadiene to form corresponding telomers water, carboxylic acids, primary and secondary alcohols, phenols, ammonia, primary and secondary amines, enamines, active methylene compounds activated by two electron-attracting groups, and nitroalkanes. Some of these nucleophiles are known to react oxidatively with simple olefins in the presence of Pd2+ salts. Carbon monoxide and hydrosilanes also take part in the telomerization. The telomerization reactions are surveyed based on the classification by the nucleophiles. 

We should notice that similar names do not always mean the same classification for example, isopropyl alcohol is a secondary alcohol, whereas isobutyl alcohol is a primary alcohol. 

Alcohols and alkyl halides are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary according to the classification of the carbon that bears the functional group (Section 2.10). Thus, primary alcohols and primary alkyl halides are compounds of the type RCH2G (where G is the fnnctional group), secondary alcohols and secondary alkyl halides are compounds of the type R2CHG, and tertiary alcohols and tertiary alkyl halides are compounds of the type R3CG. 

It should be noted that similar names do not always mean the same classification. For example, isopropyl alcohol is a secondary alcohol, whereas isobutyl alcohol is a primary alcohol. Compounds which are too complicated for common names may be given derived names. According to this system, alcohols are considered to... 

Synonyms Butan-2-ol s-Butanol 2-Butyl alcohol s-Butyl alcohol Butylene hydrate Ethylmethyl carbinol 2-Hydroxybutane Methyl ethyl carbinol 1-Methyl propanol SBA Secondary butyl alcohol Classification Sec. aliphatic alcohol Empirical C4H,oO Formula CH3CH2CH(OH)CH,... 

Propan-2-ol s-Propyl alcohol Secondary propyl alcohol Classification Aliphatic alcohol Empirical CsHsO Formula (CH3)2CHOH... 

Synonyms Dimethyl carbinol 2-Hydroxypropane IPA Isopropanol 1-Methyletha-nol l-Methyiethyl alcohol Petrohol 2-Propanol Propan-2-ol 2-Propyl alcohol s-Propyl alcohol Rubbing alcohol Secondary propyl alcohol Classification Aliphatic alcohol Empirical CjHoO Formula (CHjjjCHOH... 

In addition to the basic classification as primary, secondary, or tertiary, alcohols may be further grouped according to other structural features. Aromatic alcohols contain an aryl group attached to the carbon having the hydroxyl function aliphatic alcohols contain only aliphatic groups. The prefix iso usually indicates branching of the carbon chain. 

Classification of alcohols. Alcohols are classified according to the type of carbon atom (primary, secondary, or tertiary) bonded to the hydroxyl group. Phenols have a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom in a benzene ring. 

Primary porphyrias are caused by hereditary enzyme defects in haem synthesis. They can be differentiated clinically into acute and chronic porphyrias as well as pathogenetically into hepatic and erythropoietic porphyrias. Secondary porphyrias are symptomatic porphyrias present in various diseases or caused by poisoning or chemical substances, particularly alcohol. Depending on the preferred manifestation site of the enzyme defect, either in the hepatocytes or erythrocytes (bone marrow), the porphyrias are subdivided into hepatic, erythropoietic and hepatoerythropoietic forms. However, this classification is not always strictly applicable. Based on the course of disease, acute and chronic forms may be differentiated in primary hepatic porphyrias. The acute form is characterized by a congenital reg-... 

Classification of alcohols. The reagent reacts with an alcohol in a few minutes to form a carbamate, the NMR spectrum of which can be used to determine whether the alcohol is primary, secondary, or tertiary.2 In the case of a tertiary alcohol, loss... 

Notice that the number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen determines whether an amine is primary, secondary, or tertiary. For an alkyl halide or an alcohol, on the other hand, the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon to which the halogen or the OH is bonded determines the classification (Sections 2.4 and 2.6). 

Carbon atoms can be classified as primary,. secondary or tertiary, depending upon the number of other carbon atoms attached. Thus if a carbon atom has one other carbon atom attached to it, it is known as a primary carbon (1 ) and this leads to further classification, for example the primary alcohols... 

Synonyms Acetate cotton Acetate ester of cellulose Acetic acid, cellulose ester Acetose Acetylcellulose CA Cellulose, acetate Cellulose 2.5-acelate Cellulose acetate ester Cellulose. 2.5-diacetate Cellulose monoacetate Monoacetylcellulose Secondary cellulose acetate Classification Cellulosics thermoplastic resin Properties Triacetate insol. in water, alcohol, ether, sol. in glacial acetic acid tetraacetate insol. in water, alcohol, ether, glacial acetic acid, methanol pentaacetate insol. in water, sol. in alcohol m.w. 37.000 dens. 1.300... 

A How is the classification of alcohols into primary, secondary, or tertiary different from the classification of amines into primary, secondary, or tertiary (other than that alcohols contain oxygen and amines contain nitrogen) ... 

The functional group of an amine is an amino group, a nitrogen atom bonded to one, two, or three carbon atom(s) by single bonds. In a primary (1°) amine, nitrogen is bonded to one carbon atom. In a secondary (2 ) amine, it is bonded to two carbon atoms, and in a tertiary (3°) amine, it is bonded to three carbon atoms. Notice that this classification scheme is different from that used with alcohols and halides. 

As with alkyl halides, alcohols are classified into three groups primary (1°), secondary (2°), and tertiary (3°) alcohols. This classification is based on the degree of substitution of the carbon to which the hydroxyl group is directly attached. If the carbon has only one other carbon attached to it, the carbon is said to be a primary carbon and the alcohol is a primary alcohol ... 

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