Second harmonic generation microscopy

Dombeck, D. A., Kasischke, K. A., Vishwasrao, H. D., et al. 2003. Uniform polarity microtubule assemblies imaged in native brain tissue by second harmonic generation microscopy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 7081. 

Chu, S. W., Liu, T. M., and Sun, C. K. 2003b. Real-time second-harmonic-generation microscopy based on a 2-GHz repetition rate Ti sapphire laser. Opt. Exp. 11 933-38. 

Gauderon, R., Lukins, P. B., and Sheppard, C. J. R. 2001. Optimization of second-harmonic generation microscopy. Micron 32 691-700. 

Greenhalgh, C., Stewart, B., Cisek, R., Prent, N., Major, A., and Barzda, V. 2006. Dynamic investigation of Drosophila myocytes with second harmonic generations microscopy. Proc. SPIE 6343 6343081-8. 

Moreaux, L., Sandre, O., and Mertz, J. 2000b. Membrane imaging by second-harmonic generation microscopy. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. 17 1685-94. 

Dombeck, D.A., M. Blanchard-Desce, and W.W. Webb. 2004. Optical recording of action potentials with second-harmonic generation microscopy. J. Neurosci. 24 999-1003. 

Work WJ, Hess KHM et al (2004) Definitions of terms related to polymer blends, composites, and multiphase polymeric materials. Pure Appl Chem 76(11) 1985-2007 Wanapun D, Kestur US et al (2010) Selective detection and quantitation of organic molecule crystallization by second harmonic generation microscopy. Anal Chem 82 5425-5432 Wanapun D, Kestur US et al (2011) Single particle nonlinear optical imaging of trace crystallinity in an organic powder. Anal Chem 83 4745-4751... 

BCirilyuk, V., Kirilyuk, A., and Rasing, T. (1997c). New mode of domain imaging Second harmonic generation microscopy. J.Appl.Phys., 81 5014. 

McBranch, D., Buelow, S., and Robinson, J. (1997). Imaging nanometer-thick patterned self-assembled monolayers via second-harmonic generation microscopy. lAppl.Phys., 81 2051 -2054. 

Microscopy methods based on nonlinear optical phenomena that provide chemical information are a recent development. Infrared snm-frequency microscopy has been demonstrated for LB films of arachidic acid, allowing for surface-specific imaging of the lateral distribution of a selected vibrational mode, the asymmetric methyl stretch [60]. The method is sensitive to the snrface distribntion of the functional gronp as well as to lateral variations in the gronp environmental and conformation. Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has also been demonstrated for both spread monolayers and LB films of dye molecules [61,62]. The method images the molecular density and orientation field with optical resolution, and local qnantitative information can be extracted. 

As an alternate way to measure the gradients of structural and chemical composition, we intend to use the method of SH microscopy. In an isotropic environment, which has a center of symmetry, the second harmonic generation is not allowed in a dipole approximation, and is predominantly governed by weak quadrupole and surface dipole terms, which are orders of magnitude weaker. However, as we have already pointed... 

Debarre, D., Pena, A. M., Supatto, W., Boulesteix, T., Simpler, M., Sauviat, M. R, Martin, J. L., Schanne-Klein, M. C., and Beaurepaire, E. 2007. Second- and third-harmonic generation microscopies for the structural imaging of intact tissues. Med. Sci. 22 845-50. 

Tang, S., Krasieva, T. B., Chen, Z., Tempea, G., and Tromberg, B. J. 2006. Effect of pulse duration on two-photon excited flourescence and second harmonic generation in nonlinear optical microscopy./. Biomed. Opt. 11 020501. 

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is one of the most intensively studied nonlinear optical effects that have ever been combined with near-held scanning optical microscopy (Shen et al. 2000 Zayats and Sandoghdar 2000 Zayats and Sandoghdar 2001 Takahashi and Zayats 2002). SHG, which is an even-order nonlinear process, is forbidden in centrosymmetric media under the dipole approximation (Shen 1984). Non-centrosymmetric molecules and lattices are allowed to exhibit SHG light. The second-order nonlinear polarization for SHG (T shg) is given in a scalar form by... 

Zayats, A. V, and Sandoghdar, V. 2001. Apertureless near-field optical microscopy via local second-harmonic generation. J. Microsc. 2002 94—99. 

By taking advantage of the deep penetration depth offered by CARS microscopy with near-infrared laser pulses, CARS tissue imaging has been demonstrated to complement other label-free optical techniques, such as auto-fluorescence that is limited to a few chemical species and optical tomography, second harmonic generation (SHG), and third harmonic generation (THG)... 

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