Scott studies

F.C. Gibson, C.R, Summers F.H. Scott, "Studies on Deflagration to Detonation in Propellants and Explosives , USBurMines-SummaryRept 3863(1962), ARPA Order Nos 44-59 44-61... 

Hall, R. Duncan, C. C. Wrigley and J. D. Scott, Studies of Overseas Supply, London HMSO, 1956. 

Jacobs and Scott studied the hydrogenation of various unsaturated y- and 8-lactones over Adams platinum in ethanol.93 Similar to enol esters, these enol lactones are readily hydrogenolyzed over platinum, as seen in the examples shown in eq. 13.48. In contrast, hydrogenolysis takes place only slightly with an a,P-unsaturated y-lactone 50 (eq. 13.49). The saturated lactones were not reduced at all under the reaction conditions. 

GE Guillet, HX Huber, J Scott. Studies of the biodegradation of synthetic plastics. In M Vert, J Feijen, AC Albertsson, G Scott, E Chiellini eds. Biodegradable Polymers and Plastics. Cambridge Royal Society of Chemistry, 1992, p 545. 

J.E. Guillet, H.X. Huber and J. Scott, "Studies of the biodegradation of synthetic plastics", in "Biodegradable Polymers and Plastics", M. Vert, J. Feijen, A. Albertsson, G. Scott and E. Chiellini eds.. Royal Society of Chemistry, London, 73-92,1992. 

Figure A2.5.30. Left-hand side Eight hypothetical phase diagrams (A through H) for ternary mixtures of d-and /-enantiomers with an optically inactive third component. Note the syimnetry about a line corresponding to a racemic mixture. Right-hand side Four T, x diagrams ((a) tlirough (d)) for pseudobinary mixtures of a racemic mixture of enantiomers with an optically inactive third component. Reproduced from [37] 1984 Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena ed C Domb and J Lebowitz, vol 9, eh 2, Knobler C M and Scott R L Multicritical points in fluid mixtures. Experimental studies pp 213-14, (Copyright 1984) by pennission of the publisher Academic Press.

Most of the theoretical predictions have now been substantially verified by a large series of experiments in a number of laboratories. Knobler and Scott and their coworkers (1977-1991) have studied a number of quasibinary mixtures, in particular ethane + (liexadecane + octadecane) for which the experimental n.2 = 17.6. Their experimental results essentially confimi the theoretical predictions shown in figure A2.5.31. 

Domb C and Lebowitz J (eds) 1984 Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena vol 9 (London, New York Academic) oh 1. Lawrie I D and Sarbach S Theory of tricritical points oh 2. Knobler C M and Scott R L Multicritical points in fluid mixtures. Experimental studies. 

Scott T W and Friedman J M 1984 Tertiary-structure relaxation in haemoglobin—a transient Raman-study J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106 5677-87... 

The study of the biosynthesis of vitamin B 2 is a saga whose resolution, due primarily to Battersby (80—83) and Scott (84,85), requited an effort on the same magnitude as the total synthesis. It was only when recent molecular biology tools became available to complement en2ymology, isotopic labeling, chemical synthesis, and spectroscopy that solution of this problem became possible. 

Q Zeng, ET Smith, DM Kurtz, RA Scott. Protein determinants of metal site reduction potentials. Site directed mutagenesis studies of Clostridium pasteurianum laibredoxin. Inorg Chim Acta 242 245-251, 1996. 

Fig ure 5-1. Flowchart for reactor design. (Source R. Scott with N. Macleod, Process Design Case Studies." Used with permission of IChemE, 1992.)... 

Cytisine. This base belongs to the same pharmacological group as nicotine.It is a powerful poison causing nausea, convulsions and death by failure of respiration. The nicotine-like action is shared by A -methyl-cytisine but the latter, according to Scott and Chen, who have made a detailed study of its action, is weaker and has about one-fortieth the toxicity of nicotine. 

Scott, K.J., 1968b. Experimental study of continuous thickening of a flocculated silica slurry. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 7, 582. 

Els and McGill [48] reported the action of maleic anhydride on polypropylene-polyisoprene blends. A graft copolymer was found in situ through the modifier, which later enhanced the overall performance of the blend. Scott and Macosko [49] studied the reactive and nonreactive compatibilization of nylon-ethylene-propylene rubber blends. The nonreactive polyamide-ethylene propylene blends showed poor interfacial adhesion between the phases. The reactive polyamide-ethylene propylene-maleic anhydride modified blends showed excellent adhesion and much smaller dispersed phase domain size. 

Soil resistivity The role of soil in the electrical circuitry of corrosion is now apparent. Thus the conductivity of the soil represents an important parameter. Soil resistivity has probably been more widely used than any other test procedure. Opinions of experts vary somewhat as to the actual values in terms of ohm centimetres which relate to metal-loss rates. The extended study of the US Bureau of Standards presents a mass of data with soil-resistivity values given. A weakness of the resistivity procedure is that it neither indicates variations in aeration and pH of the soil, nor microbial activity in terms of coating deterioration or corrosion under anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, as shown by Costanzo rainfall fluctuations markedly affect readings. Despite its short comings, however, this procedure represents a valuable survey method. Scott points out the value of multiple data and the statistical nature of the resistivity readings as related to corrosion rates (see also Chapter 10). 

Archibald Scott Courier (1831-1892) was born in Kirkintilloch, Scotland, and studied at the universities of Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Paris. Although his scientific paper about the ability of carbon to form four bonds was submitted prior to a similar paper by Kekule, Couper never received credit for his work. His health began to decline after the rejection of his achievements, and he suffered a nervous breakdown in 1858. He then retired from further scientific work and spent the last 30 years of his life in the care of his mother. 

Studies of double carrier injection and transport in insulators and semiconductors (the so called bipolar current problem) date all the way back to the 1950s. A solution that relates to the operation of OLEDs was provided recently by Scott et al. [142], who extended the work of Parmenter and Ruppel [143] to include Lange-vin recombination. In order to obtain an analytic solution, diffusion was ignored and the electron and hole mobilities were taken to be electric field-independent. The current-voltage relation was derived and expressed in terms of two independent boundary conditions, the relative electron contributions to the current at the anode, jJfVj, and at the cathode, JKplJ. 

We passed then to a particular olefin, adamantylideneadamantane, whose reaction with Br2 had been shown to stop at the stage of bromonium ion formation because of steric hindrance to backside nucleophilic attack. An UV-Vis spectrophotometric study (ref. 10) has shown that the complicated equilibrium reported in Scheme 4 is immediately established on mixing the olefin and Br2 in DCE. Equilibrium (1) could be isolated by working at low Br2 and ten to hundred fold higher olefin concentrations. A Scott plot followed by a NLLSQ refinement of the data gave a Kf = 2.89 x 10 (4.0) M-l. It is worth noting that conductimetric measurements showed the non-ionic nature of the 1 1 adduct, consistent with a CTC intermediate, but not with a bromonium-bromide species. 

The first Raman and infrared studies on orthorhombic sulfur date back to the 1930s. The older literature has been reviewed before [78, 92-94]. Only after the normal coordinate treatment of the Sg molecule by Scott et al. [78] was it possible to improve the earlier assignments, especially of the lattice vibrations and crystal components of the intramolecular vibrations. In addition, two technical achievements stimulated the efforts in vibrational spectroscopy since late 1960s the invention of the laser as an intense monochromatic light source for Raman spectroscopy and the development of Fourier transform interferometry in infrared spectroscopy. Both techniques allowed to record vibrational spectra of higher resolution and to detect bands of lower intensity. 

To move beyond this type of thinking requires the ability to coordinate different ideas in a systems thinking maimer that is not typical of many secondary level learners (Driver, Leach, Millar, Scott, 1996). So at this level it may be considered sufficient to introduce the idea of equilibria and a few examples, almost as an advanced organiser for later study. 

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