Scientific profile

The purpose is manifold, mainly to provide a modern reference for graduate instruction and for active researchers in the two disciplines, as well as to document that electrocatalysis and electrochemistry are dynamic fields that expand rapidly and likewise rapidly change in their scientific profiles. 

In the last decade stem cell research has justifiably gained one of the highest scientific profiles both within the medical community and the general public. The ability of stem cells to undergo both self-renewal and differentiation into more functionally specialised mature cells offers tremendous promise in TE. The isolation, expansion and directed differentiation of human stem cells in vitro, however, demand improved understanding of the interplay between the... 

J. Sestak Information Content and Scientific Profiles" in ICTAC News, 31/1(1998)52... 

Porous samples would appear on the surface to provide such a complex and uncontrolled local environment for deformation of solids that they would be of little interest in scientific investigations. Indeed, the principal interest in their responses is technologically driven they are very effective attenuators of wave profiles and much of materials synthesis and processing is carried out on powders. Duvall [86D01] has summarized the difficulty of work with porous powder samples as follows ... 

Given the advanced state of wave-profile detectors, it seems safe to recognize that the descriptions given by such an apparatus provide a necessary, but overly restricted, picture. As is described in later chapters of this book, shock-compressed matter displays a far more complex face when probed with electrical, magnetic, or optical techniques and when chemical changes are considered. It appears that realistic descriptive pictures require probing matter with a full array of modern probes. The recovery experiment in which samples are preserved for post-shock analysis appears critical for the development of a more detailed defective solid scientific description. 

C and 5 N values were determined by mass spectrometry (MM 903, VG Isogas), equipped with a CN elemental analyzer (Roboprep CN, Europa Scientific). As control for sample purity, C N ratios from the elemental analyser were compared with C N ratios as calculated from the amino acid profile of the same sample. 

Bayesian networks for multivariate reasoning about cause and effect within R D with a flow bottleneck model (Fig. 11.6) to help combine scientific and economic aspects of decision making. This model can, where research process decisions affect potential candidate value, further incorporate simple estimation of how the candidate value varies based on the target product profile. Factors such as ease of dosing in this profile can then be causally linked to the relevant predictors within the research process (e.g., bioavailability), to model the value of the predictive methods that might be used and to perform sensitivity analysis of how R D process choices affect the expected added... 

Figure 4.39 Development of peak profiles during migration along the column for analytical and overload samples. (Reproduced with permission from ref. 608. Copyright Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co.)...

The increasing scientific attention devoted to caffeine in recent years9 reflects not only its popularity and widespread use, but also concern that it may have detrimental physiological effects and interest in its impact on psychological functioning and behavior. Health concerns have focused primarily on cardiovascular function.4-10 Early studies suggested that caffeine consumption may increase the risk of some cardiovascular problems.11-12 However, more recent studies provide little support for this concern, with the possible exception of blood pressure.13 Lipid profiles appear to be unaffected by habitual caffeine consumption.1417 Moreover,... 

Substance-Specific Data Needs Related to Toxicological Profiles (ATSDR 1989), is substance-specific information necessary to conduct comprehensive public health assessments. Generally, ATSDR defines a data gap more broadly as any substance-specific information missing from the scientific literature. 

The following is a synopsis of current scientific toxicity and fate information for the top chemicals (by weight) that facilities within this sector self-reported as released to the environment based upon TRI data. The information contained below is based upon exposure assumptions that have been conducted using standard scientific procedures. The effects listed must be taken in context of these exposure assumptions that are more fully explained within the full chemical profiles in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) and the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), both accessed via the Internet. 

Scientific Committee on Food (SCF), European Commission (2002), Risk Profile on the Microbiological Contamination of Fruits and Vegetables Eaten Raw, Report. 

Figure 1. Idealized Profile of a Blast Wave from a Condensed High Explosive.(Courtesy Oyez Scientific and Technical Services Ltd.)...

Parameters of interest in the repeat-dose study can be considered as sets of measures, each with its own history, rationale, and requirements. It is critical to remember, however, that the strength of the study design as a scientific evaluation lies in the relationships and patterns of effects that are seen not in simply looking at each of these measures (or groups) as independent findings, but rather as integrated profiles of biological effects. 

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