Scars treatment

Although phlyctenules can resolve spontaneously, they usually ulcerate and scar before resolution. To prevent scarring, treatment should include 1% prednisolone acetate, one drop every 2 to 4 hours for 3 to 4 days. Also, instill prophylactic antibiotic ointment or drops, such as bacitracin, erythromycin, or polymyxin B/trimethoprim, into the conjunctival sac four times a day and continue as... 

Maxillofacial Surgery. The plasma NO-therapy is used to accelerate the healing of postoperative wounds and preventive maintenance of the formation of hypertrophic and keloid scars, treatment of the formed scars, treatment of pyonecrotic processes (abscesses, phlegmon, etc.). With the latter, preliminary coagulation of puralent centers is sometimes utilized (Shekhter et al., 2005). 

L Macintyre, et al, The study of pressure delivery for hypertrophic scar treatment , int conf Healthcare Medical Textiles, Bolton (UK), July 2003. 

L Macintyre, M Baird, P Weedall, The study of pressure delivery for hypertrofdiic scar treatment . Medical Textiles and Biomateriab jfar Hecdthcare, S C Anand, J F Kennedy, M Miraftab, S Rtyendran, eds Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, UK, 2003, 224-221,2003. 

But the mainstay of therapy for skin resurfacing continues to be chemical peels together with abrasion [37 2], Chemical peels in use to improve facial scarring include alpha-hydroxy acid peels, trichloroacetic acid, and deep phenol-based methods [43 8], In this chapter, we discuss deep chemical peels for post-acne scars treatment. 

X. Chen, L. Peng, and J. Gao, Novel topical drug delivery systems and their potential use in scars treatment, Asian J. Pharm. Scien., 7 (3), 155-167,2012. 

Here, a case is reported of a 16-year-old girl who was treated with oral retinoid combined with intramuscular interferon-gamma. All lesions cleared within 3months [76 ]. During a foUow-up period of more than 2 years no recurrence has developed. This relatively painless, non-scarring treatment may represent a novel therapeutic option. 

International Journal of Dermatology 39 539-544 Kang WH et al 2009 Atrophic acne scar treatment using triple combination therapy dot peeling, subcision and fractional laser. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy 11 212-215 Luis-Montoya P et al 2005 Evaluation of subcision as a treatment for cutaneous striae. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology 4 346-350... 

Calcium chloride solutions, typically employed at 2—5% concentration, are used as antispasmodics, diuretics (qv), and in the treatment of tetany. Concentrated solutions of calcium chloride cause erythema, exfoUation, ulceration, and scarring of the skin (39). Injections into the tissue may cause necrosis. If given orally calcium chloride can cause irrita tion to the gastrointestinal tract unless accompanied by a demulcent. There is no pubHshed information on mutagenicity or carcinogenicity caused by calcium ions or calcium chloride. Calcium chloride has been given a toxicity or hazard level 3 (40). Materials in this classification typically have LD q below 400 mg/kg or an LC q below 100 ppm. 

Although nodular-cystic forms required eight to ten applications, a significant improvement of the coexisting post-acne superficial scarring was noted. The procedure was well tolerated and patient compliance was excellent [12]. In the treatment of atrophic acne scars (Fig. 2.6),... 

I acknowledge that no guarantee has been given me as to the number of years I may appear younger following treatment or that the scars will heal completely. 

The use of high-strength TCA (65-100%) for acne scarring has proven to be an exciting new application of TCA. In this technique chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS technique) showed significant improvement. Specifically high-concentration TCA is focally apphed to depressed or ice-pick scars and pressed hard with the wooden end of a cotton tip applicator. This induces a localized scar to occur, which over time effaces the depressed scar. Typically this requires five or six courses of treatment spread out over intervals of weeks to months. 

Mackee GM, Karp FL (1952) The treatment of post acne scars with phenol. Br J Dermatol 64 456-459... 

Acne scars are debilitating and socially disabling for the individual. Treatment of acne scars presents a challenge for a treating physician. Usually they cannot be effectively corrected by a single treatment modality because of their widely varied depth, width and structure. 

It is important to obtain details regarding isotretinoin (Accutane, Roacutane) treatment and history of keloid or hypertrophic scar formation. Isotretinoin use necessitates a delay period of 6-12 months (depending on the skin thickness and oiliness) until chemical peel is performed. Active acne is not a contraindication for chemical peel. In these cases the peel is combined with systemic antibiotics for 2-3 weeks. It is always advisable to consider isotretinoin treatment after the peel to avoid acne flare and scar reappearance. 

Treatment of acne scars must be individually tailored to address the specific findings. The patient has to understand that the scar revision process may require more that one surgical session. Punch excisions or elevations have to be performed 4-6 weeks before the peel, while subcision can be performed at the same session with the peel. 

In spite of the fact that the final result is always significant, a complete elimination of all the scars is usually impossible. Patients need to be aware that use of multiple complimentary techniques and time-consuming treatments is needed to produce optimal results. 

Jacob Cl, Dover JS, Kaminer MS (2001). Acne scarring a classification system and review of treatment options. J Am Acad Dermato 45 109-117... 

Kadunc BV, Trindade de Almeida AR (2003) Surgical treatment of facial acne scars based on morphologic classification a Brazilian experience. Dermatol Surg 29 1200-1209... 

Kurtin A (1953) Corrective surgical planing of skin new technique for treatment of acne scars and other skin defects. AMA Arch Derm Syphilol 68 389-397... 

Malherbe WD, Davies DS (1971) Surgical treatment of acne scarring, by a dermatome. Plast Reconstr Surg 47 122-126... 

Rattner R, Rein CR (1955) Treatment of acne scars by dermabrasion rotary brush method. J Am Med Assoc 159 1299-1301... 

Varnavides CK, Forster RA, Cunliffe WJ (1987) The role of bovine collagen in the treatment of acne scars. Br J Dermatol 116 199-206... 

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