Saturated Methyl Chloride

The following entries are taken from a data table for saturated methyl chloride ... 

Calculate and for the transition of saturated methyl chloride vapor from 50 F to 0 F. 

A total of 50 ml (0.15 moles) of a 3 ethereal solution of methylmagnesium bromide is added slowly to a vigorously stirred solution of 5.8 g (12.5 mmoles) or 3,3 20,20-bisethylenedioxy-5a,6a-epoxy-5a-pregnane-ll/l,17a,21-triol in 400 ml of tetrahydrofuran. The solution is heated under reflux for 24 hr, cooled and treated with 32 ml of saturated ammonium chloride solution. The supernatant is decanted and the residue is washed with several portions of tetrahydrofuran. The combined supernatants are evaporated and extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated salt solution, dried and concentrated to give 4,55 g (75%) of 3,3 20,20-bisethylenedioxy-6 -methyl-5a-pregnane-5a,ll, 17a,21-tetrol mp 170-172° after crystallisation from acetone-petroleum ether. The analytical sample is crystallized from acetone-petroleum ether mp 175-177° [aJo —11° (CHCI3). 

The trialkylborane is oxidized by the addition to the stirred reaction mixture of 32 ml of a 3 solution of sodium hydroxide, followed by the dropwise addition of 32 ml of 30 % hydrogen peroxide at a temperature of 30-32° (water bath). The reaction mixture is saturated with sodium chloride and the tetrahydrofuran layer formed is separated and washed with saturated sodium chloride solution. The organic solution is dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and the THF is removed. Distillation affords 24.5 g (80%) of 4-methyl-1-pentanol, bp I51-153°/735 mm. 

To a solution of hexamethyldisilane (2.5 mmol) in HMPA (CAUTION— CANCER SUSPECT AGENT) (3 ml) at 0-5 °C was added methyl lithium (2.5 mmol, 1.5 m MeLi.LiBr complex in ether) dropwise. After being stirred for 3 min, the red solution was treated with Cul (2.5 mmol) in Me2S (1 ml), the resulting black reaction mixture was stirred for 3 min. and 2,3-dibromo-propene (1 mmol) was added rapidly via a syringe. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature, and was stirred for 1.5 h. It was then poured into pentane (25 ml) and saturated ammonium chloride solution (25 ml, buffered to pH 8 by the addition of ammonium hydroxide), and the mixture was stirred vigorously for 1 h. The aqueous phase was re-extracted with pentane, and the combined organic extracts were dried. Removal of... 

Transfer the concentrate from Section 6.1.1 into a 200-niL separatory funnel with a small amount of water and add 10 mL of saturated sodium chloride solution. Extract three times with 50 mL of n-hexane (a free form of fluthiacet-methyl is present in the aqueous layer see Section 8). Dry the n-hexane extract through 80 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate on a glass funnel and transfer the dried extract into a 300-mL separatory funnel. Extract twice with 70 mL of acetonitrile, collect the extract in a 300-mL round-bottom flask, and evaporate the solvent under reduced pressure. Dissolve the residue in 10 mL of n-hexane-ethyl acetate (4 1, v/v), transfer the solution to a Bond Elut LRC SI column and discard the first eluate. Connect a Sep-Pak Plus NH2 cartridge to the outlet of a Bond Elut LRC SI cartridge and elute fluthiacet-methyl with 15 mL of n-hexane-ethyl acetate (2 3, v/v). Collect the eluate in a 50-mL pear-shaped flask, evaporate the solvent under reduced pressure and dissolve the residue in an appropriate volume of acetone for analysis. 

Velmurugan, B., Bhuvaneswari, V., Burra, U.K., and Nagini, S. 2002. Prevention of N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and saturated sodium chloride-induced gastric carcinogenesis in Wistar rats by lycopene. Eur J Cancer Prev 11 19-26. 

After no further gas evolution could be detected, the reaction mixture was poured into saturated ammonium chloride solution (150 mL) and transferred into a separatory funnel. The aqueous layer was extracted with t-butyl methyl ether (3 x 70 mL), the combined organic layers were washed with water (2 x 100 mL) and brine (100 mL) and dried over magnesium sulfate. After filtration the solvent was removed using a rotatory evaporator (bath temperature <30 °C) to give a yellow oil. 

This procedure has been used successfully for many years in the preparation of ethyl laurate, caprylate, and myristate by the alcoholysis of cocoanut oil (1 kg.) in ethanol (1900 g.) with hydrogen chloride (50 g.) as a catalyst.3 The method differs slightly from the one described above. The alcoholysis is complete after fifteen or twenty hours, and the solution is then neutralized to methyl orange with barium carbonate. The mixture is added to an equal volume of a saturated sodium chloride solution, whereupon 1100-1300 g. of the mixture of crude ethyl esters separates. This mixture of esters is washed with water and fractionated as described above. The yields are approximately 50 g. of ethyl caprylate, 350 g. of ethyl laurate, and 60 g. of ethyl myristate from 1000 g. of cocoanut oil. 

Make a solution of 4.5 g of the pyrone in 150 ml of benzene and add it dropwise to a solution of 7.8 g of clean thin strips (or ribbon) of magnesium, and 18 ml of methyl iodide in 90 ml of dry ether. Reflux for 20 hours and add 45 ml of saturated ammonium chloride. Separate the organic layer and extract the aqueous phase with the benzene. Combine the organic layer with the benzene extractions and dry. Evaporate the benzene off in vacuo to get the THC. TET, 23, 77 (1967). 

DDD Dichloro(chlorophenyl)-bis Ethane DDE Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene Dichlorobenzene, 1,2 Dichlorobenzene, 1,3 Dichlorobenzene, 1,4 Hexachlorobenzene Polychlorinated Benzenes Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs Aroclor Ring-Substituted Aromatics Tetrachlorobenzene Trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4 Saturated Alkyl Halides Bromodichloromethane Bromoform Tribromomethane Butyl Chloride Chlorobutane Carbon Tetrachloride Carbon Tetrafluoride Chloroform Trichloromethane Chloromethane Methyl Chloride Dibromochloromethane Dibromoethane, 1,2 Ethylene Dibromide Dibromomethane... 

Chlorobenzene Monochlorobenzene under Ring-Substituted Aromatics Chloroform Tiichloromethane under Saturated Alkyl HaUdes Chloromethane Methyl Chloride under Saturated Alkyl Halides Chlorophenol under Halophenols Chlorotoluene, 2 under Ring-Substituted Aromatics... 

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