Tetrachloromethane Carbon Tetrachloride

Carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane) Headache, nausea, slight jaundice, loss of appetite, narcosis, liver and kidney damage, and GI disturbances... 

Carbon tetrachloride Tetrachloromethane 193 CC14 Methyl ethyl sulfide 2-Thiabutane 188 C3H8S... 

Carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane) Chlorinated benzenes (other than 1.2 (c) 91.3 800... 

Bromochlorodifluoromethane (BCF, FC 12B1) Carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane) Chlorodifluoromethane (FC 22, Freon 22) Chloroform (trichloromethane) Dichlorodifluoromethane (FC 12, Freon 12)... 

Abbreviations DCM, dichloromethane, methylene chloride CHCI3, chloroform, trichloromethane CCI4, carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloromethane EDC, 1,2-dichlorolethane, ethylene dichloride BuCl, rz-butyl chloride, 1-chlorobutane CB, chlorobenzene DCB, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, o-dichloro-benzene TCB, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. 

The extracting solvent can be diethyl ether or carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane). The former is advised in the method given here, because of its lower toxicity. ASTM Method D 4224-89 [3] is similar, but uses a 13.6% solution of the reagent, permits only carbon tetrachloride and directs that the initial extraction should be done by shaking for 10 min. It uses ortho-cresol red (o-cresol sulphonephthalein) as indicator, and adds the correction for extracted p-toluidine hydrochloride (step 10), which was not part of the original method. 

For many electrophiles, under ionic conditions (particularly when E has non-bonded electrons [Table 6.1, examples 6 and 8-13]), a so-called onium" ion (Figure 6.6, E = E ) is apparently formed. This ion is distinct from the initial n-complex since here a bond within the electrophile has broken and the onium ion bears a positive charge. However, as with the n-complex, the ion apparently has one face blocked by the electrophile and so subsequent attack by a nucleophile preferentially occurs from the opposite face. The net result is antarafacial (or anti- or trans-) addition across what was the carbon-carbon double bond. For example, consider the case of addition of bromine (Br2) (Table 6.1, example 8) in carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane, CClt) solution to the isomers (Z)- and ( )-2-butene [(Z)- and ( )-CH3CH=CHCH3] (Scheme 6.16). 

The idea that the process requires at least two steps, that is, formation of an ion (shown as the bromonium ion) as a first step followed by its subsequent destruction (in a second separate step), is supported by many and diverse observations. For example, if the same bromination reaction is attempted in methanol (methyl alcohol, CH3OH) rather than in carbon tetrachloride, (tetrachloromethane, CCI4) the solvent (with its [nucleophilic] electron-rich oxygen) intrudes into the reaction and some O-methyl ether is obtained (Scheme 6.17). 

As a general rule, and as shown in the fifth example in Table 6.7, bromine (Br2) and chlorine (CI2) in, for example, carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane, CCI4) solution, add across the carbon-carbon triple bond to give tram- [antarafacial, and-, or ( )] dibromoalkene. Also, as a general rule (albeit with a very limited number of comparisons), these addition reactions occur more slowly with alkynes than they do with alkenes and a second equivalent of halogen can add to produce the tetra-halide (Equation 6.68). 

Kohlenmonoxid carbon source Kohlenstoffquelle carbon tetrachloride/ tetrachloromethane T etrachlorkohlenstoff,... 

Carbon tetrachloride (Tetrachloromethane or Perchloromethane) (Carbon trifluoride) see Trifluoromethane 56-23-5 T Cancer... 

Magnesium Carbonate Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride Methyl Amyl Alcohol Atropine Sulfate Nitroglycerin Zinc Stearate Zinc Cyanide Zinc Acetate Carbon Tetrabromide Tetrabromomethane Skydrol LD4 Carbon Tetrachloride Tetrachloromethane Methallyl Chloride Silver Acetate Methyl Isopropyl Ketone 3-Methyl-2-Butanone Aminoacetic Acid Glycine... 

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