Satellite, remote sensing

Alfodi, T. T., Satellite remote sensing for smoke plume definition, in Proceedings of the 4th Joint Conference on Sensing of Environmental Pollutants. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1978, pp. 258-261. 

Recently, the ocean-basin distribution of marine biomass and productivity has been estimated by satellite remote sensing. Ocean color at different wavelengths is determined and used to estimate near-surface phytoplankton chlorophyll concentration. Production is then estimated from chlorophyll using either in situ calibration relationships or from empirical functional algorithms (e.g., Platt and Sathyendranth, 1988 Field et al., 1998). Such studies reveal a tremendous amount of temporal and spatial variability in ocean biological production. 

The major constraint to using satellite remote sensing is the relative opacity of the ocean and clouds to electromagnetic radiation. Thus, satellite measurements are limited to the very top layer of the ocean and usually provide little evidence about processes occurring below the ocean surface. 

Keywords satellite - remote sensing - troposphere - stratosphere - trace gas -atmospheric chemistry... 

The difference in temperature trends near the surface and in the troposphere has caused heated discussion in the scientific literature (Christy and Spencer, 2003 Waple and Lawrimore, 2003). Since the reliability of satellite remote-sensing data raises no doubts, and their spatial representativeness (on global scales) is more reliable than that of the data of surface measurements, this difference should be interpreted as necessitating further analysis of SAT and SST data adequacy. 

With the advent of satellite remote sensing of surface seawater properties, attempts are now being made to use remotely sensed parameters to estimate surface-ocean nutrient (including phosphate) concentrations and distributions. This approach, although it has its own set of limitations, is one that can potentially redress the data-gap problem of oceanographic surveys. As a... 

A comparison of the regional lineament interpreted from satellite remote-sensing data with the detailed composite interpretation from aerial photography shows that the azimuth of the Currant lineament is expressed only in the short photolineaments. 

Horstmann, U., 1988. Satellite remote sensing for estimating coastal offshore transports. In Jansson, B.-O. (Ed.), Lecture Notes on Coastal and Esturine Studies, 22 Coastal-Offshore Ecosystem Interactions, pp.50-66. 

Kutser, T., 2004. Quantitative detection of chlorophyll in cyanobacterial blooms by satellite remote sensing. Limnology and Oceanography, 49, 2179-2189. 

Satellite remote sensing also allowed the estimating of several physical and hydrological parameters of the Aral Sea and its watershed basin [19]. For example, the volume variations of the Aral Sea have been calculated by combination of optical satellite imagery and in situ water level [32]. More recently [16, 23] have estimated the volume variation of the Large and Small Aral by combination of a precise digital bathymetry map (DBM) of the basin, with level variation deduced from satellite radar altimetry, for the period 1993-2004. 

Aladin et al. [16] and Cretaux et al. [23, 25] attempted to improve the water balance calculation for the Large and Small Aral based on considerations on the uncertainties of each parameter of the water balance equation and new information now available from satellite remote sensing data. 

Cretaux J-F, Kouraev AK, Papa F, Berge-Nguyen M, Cazenave A, Aladin NV, Plotnikov IS (2005) Water balance of the Big Aral Sea from satellite remote sensing and in situ observations. J Great Lakes Res 31 4... 

Brekke C, and Solberg AHS (2005) Oil spill detection by satellite remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment 95 1 -13... 

Mitchell, B.G., Brody, E., Yeh, E., Mcdain, C., Comiso, J. and Maynard, N. (1991) Meridional zonation of the Barents Sea ecosystem inferred from satellite remote sensing and in situ bio-optical observations. Polar Research, 10, 147-162. 

Advances in Satellite Remote Sensing of Environmental Variables for Epidemiological Applications S.J. Goetz, S.D. Prince, and J. Small... 

Equation (24) is fully equivalent to Eq. (23). This type of constrained inversion is popular (see [19]) in applications of satellite remote sensing for retrieving vertical profiles of atmospheric properties (pressure, temperature, gaseous concentrations, etc.). Equation (24) is also widely used in engineering (e.g. see textbook [30]) and other applications [33], such as assimilation of geophysical parameters [34], where Eq. (24) is known as a Kalman filter" named after the author [10] who originated the technique. 

Ozesmi, S. L. and M. E. Bauer. 2002. Satellite remote sensing of wetlands. Wetlands Ecol. Manage. 10(5) 381-402. 

If more real-time data can be assimilated in the evaporation duct prediction model, the forecast accuracy may be improved. Furthermore we can use the inversion method of satellite remote sensing to study the evaporation duct prediction. 

Kwarteng AY, Al-Ajmi D (1997) Satellite remote sensing applications in the State of Kuwait. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait, pp 101... 

Satellite data are used for preliminary oil spill assessment while groimd based and airborne sensors are used for detailed oil spill analysis. While satellite remote sensing is... 

An ozone monitor is an example of a continuous emission sampler based on absorption spectroscopy. A drop in beam intensity is proportional to ozone concentration in the chamber. Absorption spectrometers exist for sulfur and nitrogen oxides. This type of technology is portable and relatively inexpensive to run and can be used under field conditions, for example monitoring in-use emissions of motor vehicles. Absorption spectroscopy is also used in satellite remote sensing and has been adapted to remote sensing devices deployed on the ground to measure vehicular emissions. 

The reader who already knows the previous editions will notice that new material is ad.ded, particularly m the following fields clusters, satellite remote sensing, astrophysical applications, the generation of ultrafast and ultraintense laser radiation, diode laser spectroscopy, ultrafast spectroscopy, femtochemistry, high-power laser-matter interaction, laser cooling and trapping, Bose-Einsteiii condensation, and lasers in environmental and medical research. Thus, it is felt that the book provides a rather extensive overview of the major spectroscopy fields. 

This principle is a summary of fhe central dilemma that led to the compromise. Principle IV defends the right of states to exploit outer space as long as they follow the rules, but it is also explicit that all states have permanent sovereignty over their own wealth and natural resources. This principle is silent on the vertical extent of outer space. It is firm, however, that any satellite remote sensing should not be detrimental to the legitimate rights and interests of a sensed state. But what happens with failed states or states whose view of legitimate interests conflict with international norms ... 

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