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Sarin properties

Chemical warfare agents, such as soman and sarin, sometimes termed nerve gases, are powerful anticholinesterases, which bear some resemblance in structure and properties, to the OP insecticides. A major difference from most insecticides is their high volatility. These agents were possessed by the major powers during World War II, althongh they were never employed in warfare. [Pg.202]

The carbamate and OP insecticides and the organophosphorous nerve gases soman, sarin, and tabun all act as anticholinesterases, and most of their toxicity is attributed to this property. The naturally occurring carbamate physostigmine, which has been used in medicine, is also an anticholinesterase. Some OP compounds can cause relatively long-lasting inhibition of the enzyme because of the phenomenon of... [Pg.299]

Isotope distribution among the different phases of water are generally assumed to mostly depend on the behavior of their respective parent nuclides, in particular on their sorption/solubility properties. For instance, according to Sarin et al. (1990), covariation between ratios and Th/U ratios in Himalayan rivers reflect the preferential... [Pg.561]

The interplay between the chemical and biological properties of the threat agent, on the one hand, and the specific attack scenario, on the other, can influence the lethality of the attack. Table 2-2 shows the relative respiratory toxicities (expressed as the lethal concentration of toxin at which 50 percent of test animals are killed, or LCT50, in milligrams per minute per cubic meter) of a variety of toxic gases compared with chlorine gas, which was used as a chemical weapon in World War I. According to Table 2-2, the nerve agent sarin (GB) has a respiratory toxicity approximately 100 times that of chlorine, while sulfur mustard (HD) is about 7 times more toxic. However, the lethality of an attack... [Pg.22]

There are no measurements of the actual concentrations of diisopropyl methylphosphonate in groundwater at the RMA during the years of active production of the nerve gas Sarin (i.e., 1953-1957) (EPA 1989). The first actual measurements of the concentration of diisopropyl methylphosphonate in the groundwater on the arsenal and surrounding property to the north and west were made in 1974 (Robson 1981). The concentrations of diisopropyl methylphosphonate in the groundwater ranged from 0.5 g/L (analytical detection limit) to as much as 44,000 g/L near the abandoned waste disposal ponds. Diisopropyl methylphosphonate was discharged into a lined reservoir at the RMA in 1956 and was still present 20 years later in concentrations of about 400,000 g/L (Robson 1977). [Pg.124]

Ethyl dimethylphosphoramidofluoridate (VIII) was prepared by a similar method and proved to be a very toxic liquid. Its l.d. 50, on intravenous injection into rabbits and also on subcutaneous injection into mice, was 2-5 mg./kg. Toxicity was also determined by inhalation and a Ct ((7 = concentration, <=10 min.) of 200 mg./min./cu.m. killed seven out of a batch of eleven rabbits, guinea-pigs, rats and mice a Ct of 100 mg./min./cu.m. killed four out of eleven. The compound also possessed myotic properties. Other compounds that we made in this series were much more toxic and it will be seen that they bear some resemblance to tabun and sarin now about... [Pg.104]

VK Sarin, SBH Kent, RB Merrifield. Properties of swollen polymer networks. Solvation and swelling of peptide-containing resins in solid-phase peptide synthesis. JAm Chem Soc 102, 5463, 1980. [Pg.134]

Interestingly, much work has been devoted to the development of substances in the class of cholinesterase inhibitors that have exceedingly high toxicity substances that also have properties (such as volatility and sufficient but not excessive environmental stability) that make them useful as agents of warfare. Most of those now stockpiled were first developed during World War II. Sarin and VX are perhaps the most well-known members of this class of compounds that have been especially designed to kill people. [Pg.99]

Irreversible cholinesterases are mostly organophosphorus compounds and combine only with esteratic site of cholinesterase and that site gets phosphorylated. The hydrolysis of phosphorylated site produces irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. And, because, of this property, the therapeutic usefulness is very limited. Most of the compounds are used as insecticides e.g. parathion, malathion and war gases e.g. tabun, sarin, soman etc. [Pg.159]

Kaczmarek A, Gorb L, Sadlej AJ, Leszczynski J (2004) Sarin and Soman Structure and Properties, Struct Chem 15 517-525... [Pg.592]

Letsinger, R. L., Zhang, G. R., Sun, D. K., Ikeuchi, T., and Sarin, P. S. (1989) Cholesteryl-conjugated oligonucleotides synthesis, properties, and activity as inhibitors of replication of human immunodeficiency vims in cell culture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 6553-6556. [Pg.85]

The good swelling properties of a peptide resin not only determines its diffusion properties, and therefore the kinetics of a solid-phase reaction,P 9 but also are a requirement for ensuring a uniform distribution of the growing peptide chains throughout the polymeric support. This uniform distribution can actually be achieved, at least in favorable cases, as was shown by an elegant experiment performed by Sarin et al.t where Boc-PH]valine was incorporated into a peptide synthesis and autoradiographs of cross sections of peptide resin beads showed a completely uniform pattern. [Pg.669]


See other pages where Sarin properties is mentioned: [Pg.115]    [Pg.1069]    [Pg.140]    [Pg.66]    [Pg.22]    [Pg.32]    [Pg.39]    [Pg.119]    [Pg.336]    [Pg.1069]    [Pg.1655]    [Pg.2]    [Pg.67]    [Pg.150]    [Pg.206]    [Pg.213]    [Pg.279]    [Pg.287]    [Pg.295]    [Pg.123]    [Pg.421]    [Pg.414]    [Pg.568]    [Pg.583]    [Pg.750]    [Pg.146]    [Pg.486]    [Pg.53]    [Pg.20]    [Pg.600]    [Pg.760]    [Pg.760]    [Pg.768]    [Pg.802]    [Pg.979]    [Pg.478]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.49 , Pg.50 , Pg.51 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.6 , Pg.7 , Pg.213 ]




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