Soman , structure

Kaczmarek A, Gorb L, Sadlej AJ, Leszczynski J (2004) Sarin and Soman Structure and Properties, Struct Chem 15 517-525... 

Chemical warfare agents, such as soman and sarin, sometimes termed nerve gases, are powerful anticholinesterases, which bear some resemblance in structure and properties, to the OP insecticides. A major difference from most insecticides is their high volatility. These agents were possessed by the major powers during World War II, althongh they were never employed in warfare. 

Lee MS, Gippert, GP, Soman KV, Case DA, Wright PE (1989) Three-dimensional solution structure of a single zinc finger DNA-binding domain. Science 245 635... 

While nerve agents vary in molecular structure, they all exert the same physiological effect on the body an increase in acetylcholine throughout the body caused by interference with a vital enzyme known as cholinesterase. The four primary nerve agents are tabun, sarin, soman, and VX. 

Figure 1 Structures of chemical warfare agents (sarin and soman), simulants (dimethyl methylphosphonate and diisoproyl fluorophosphate), and pesticides (paratliion and diazinon).

Fig. 13.7 The optimized structure of Sarin- and Soman-[A10(OH)3]2 systems obtained at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory...

Their use has since been confirmed in the Iraq-Iran conflict, against the Kurdish population in Iraq, and by terrorists in Japan. They can be divided into three structural classes (Figure 9) the alkyl methylphosphonofluoridates, usually referred to as G agents, for example, sarin (GB), soman (GD), cyclohexylsarin (GF) the V agents, VX (U.S.) and R-33 (Russia) and tabun (GA) (40). 

Cohen, E.M., P.J. Christen, and E. Mobach. 1971. The Inactivation of Oximes of Sarin and Soman in Plasma from Various Species. I. The Influence of Diacetylmonoxime on the Hydrolysis of Sarin. Pp. 113-131 in Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie Van Wetenschappen, Series C, Biological and Medical Sciences, Vol. 74. J.A. Cohen Memorial issue. Amsterdam North-Holland. Davies, D.R., P. Holland, and M.J. Rumens. 1960. The relationship between the chemical structure and neurotoxicity of alkyl organophosphorus compounds. Br. J. Pharmacol. 15 271-278... 

Sikora-VanMeter, K.C., VanMeter, W.G., Wierwille, R.C. (1985). Fine structure of cat CNS after soman exposure. Neurosci. Abs. 11 155. 

Myhrer, T., Enger, S., Aas, P. (2007). Anticonvulsant effects of damage to structures involved in seizure induction in rats exposed to soman. Neurotoxicology 28 819-28. 

Fleming, C.D., Edwards, C.E., Kirby, S.D., Maxwell, D.M., Potter, P.M., Cerasoli, D.M., Redindo, M.R. (2007). Crystal structure of human carhoxylesterase 1 in covalent complexes with the chemical warfare agents soman and tahun. Biochemistry 46 5063-71. 

A. A. Brimfield, K. W. Hunter, Jr., D. E. Lenz, H. E Benschop, C. VanDijk, and L. P. A. dejong, Structural and stereochemical specificity of mouse monoclonal antibodies to the organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor soman, Molec. Pharmacol, 25 32-39 (1985). 

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