Swollen polymer networks

Candau, S., Bastide, J. und Delsanti, M. Structural. Elastic and Dynamic Properties of Swollen Polymer Networks. Vol. 44, pp. 27—72. 

Total volume of the system, or volume of the deformed (swollen) polymer network. 

K Dusek, D Patterson. Transition in swollen polymer networks induced by intramolecular condensation. J Polym Sci A-2 6 1209-1221, 1968. 

S Candau, J Bastide, M Delsanti. Structural, elastic and dynamic properties of swollen polymer networks. Adv Polym Sci 44 27-73, 1982. 

Figure 11 Aqueous equilibrium swelling of cross-linked poly(A-isopropyl acrylamide-co-butyl methacrylate) as a function of temperature. Ww, Wp are the weight of water and polymer of swollen polymer network respectively. (From Ref. 32.)...

VK Sarin, SBH Kent, RB Merrifield. Properties of swollen polymer networks. Solvation and swelling of peptide-containing resins in solid-phase peptide synthesis. JAm Chem Soc 102, 5463, 1980. 

Macroporous and isoporous polystyrene supports have been used for onium ion catalysts in attempts to overcome intraparticle diffusional limitations on catalyst activity. A macroporous polymer may be defined as one which retains significant porosity in the dry state68-71 . The terms macroporous and macroreticular are synonomous in this review. Macroreticular is the term used by the Rohm and Haas Company to describe macroporous ion exchange resins and adsorbents 108). The terms microporous and gel have been used for cross-linked polymers which have no macropores. Both terms can be confusing. The micropores are the solvent-filled spaces between polymer chains in a swollen network. They have dimensions of one or a few molecular diameters. When swollen by solvent a macroporous polymer has both solvent-filled macropores and micropores created by the solvent within the network. A gel is defined as a solvent-swollen polymer network. It is a macroscopic solid, since it does not flow, and a microscopic liquid, since the solvent molecules and polymer chains are mobile within the network. Thus a solvent-swollen macroporous polymer is also microporous and is a gel. Non-macroporous is a better term for the polymers usually called microporous or gels. A sample of 200/400 mesh spherical non-macroporous polystyrene beads has a surface area of about 0.1 m2/g. Macroporous polystyrenes can have surface areas up to 1000 m2/g. 

Gent, A.N. Stress-induced birefringence of swollen polymer networks. Macromolecules 2, 262-265 (1969). 

Statistical thermodynamics of swollen polymer networks. J. Polymer Sci. 59, 191 (1962). 

Prins, W. Elastic deformation of amorphous and swollen polymer networks. In Physics of non-crystalline solids (J. A. Prins, Ed.), p. 360. Amsterdam North-Holland Publ. Co. 1965. 

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