Salivation excessive

These patients may also exhibit symptoms of excessive stimulation of muscarinic receptors (abdominal cramps, diarrhea, increased salivation, excessive bronchial secretions, miosis, bradycardia). Small doses of edrophonium (1-2 mg intravenously) will produce no relief or even worsen weakness if the patient is receiving excessive cholinesterase inhibitor therapy. On the other hand, if the patient improves with edrophonium, an increase in cholinesterase inhibitor dosage may be indicated. Clinical situations in which severe myasthenia (myasthenic crisis) must be distinguished from excessive drug therapy (cholinergic crisis) usually occur in very ill myasthenic patients and must be managed in hospital with adequate emergency support systems (eg, mechanical ventilators) available. 

It may be instructive to describe one of the cases seen by Spector. A 35-year-old woman, called Ms. 0., was presented for treatment three days after smoking AMP. She felt anxious, was tremulous, was salivating excessively and sweating, and had a racing heartbeat. All of this followed closely the actual AMP smoking. Several hours later she exhibited psychomotor retardation, secluded herself, reported she could not think well and lost all motivation, and described paranoid thoughts. Ms. D. also described hallucinations in which she saw blood on the walls. After three days many of these complaints disappeared, with the exception of the anxiety and tremulousness. She was treated with an antianxiety medication, and the discomfort cleared within several days. 

Salivation, excessive nasal, bronchial and gastrointestinal secretion sweating... 

Dizziness if he stands up too quickly He has become disinterested in sex He salivates excessively Newspaper print is hard to see Which one of the following statements concerning adverse effects of antipsychotic dmgs is accurate ... 

The client is admitted into the emergency department complaining of profuse salivation, excessive tearing, and diarrhea. The client tells the nurse he had been camping and living off the land. Which medication would the nurse anticipate administering ... 

An isolated report describes a 17-year-oid taking clozapine (12.5 mg increased to 50 mg three times daily) who was given ampicillin 5(X) mg four times daily, starting on day 15 of clozapine treatment. On the next day the patient became easily distracted, very drowsy and salivated excessively. These adverse reactions stopped when the ampicillin was replaced by dox-ycycline. ... 

DIARRHEA. When these dragp are used orally they occasionally result in excessive salivation, abdominal cramping, flatus, and sometimes diarrhea The patient is informed that these reactions will continue until tolerance develops, usually within a few weeks. Until tolerance develops, the nurse ensures that proper facilities, such as a bedside commode, bedpan, or bathroom, are readily available. The patient is encouraged to ambulate to assist the passing of flatus. If needed, a rectal tube may be used to assist in the passing of flatus. The nurse keeps a record of the fluid intake and output and tlie number, consistency, and frequency of stools if diarrhea is present. The primary health care provider is informed if diarrhea is excessive because this may be an indication of toxicity. 

Local irritation and headache may occur at tlie beginning of therapy. The patient is instructed to notify the primary health care provider if abdominal cramping, diarrhea, or excessive salivation occurs. 

Moderate Abrupt weakness, visual disturbance, excess of salivation, sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia, hypertonia, tremors of hands and head, disturbed gait, miosis, chest pain, cyanosis of the mucous membranes Convalescence in 1-2 weeks... 

The comparative toxicity of hydrazine, and the symmetrical and asymmetrical isomers of dimethylhydrazine were reported by Jacobson et al. (1955). Rats and mice exposed to hydrazine, and rats exposed to symmetrical dimethylhydrazine exhibited restlessness, dyspnea, and convulsions with exophthalmos. Excessive salivation, vomiting, respiratory distress, and convulsions were reported for dogs exposed to asymmetrical dimethylhydrazine as well as monomethylhydrazine. Fourteen-day mortality in three groups of dogs (three dogs per group) exposed for 4 h to asymmetrical dimethylhydrazine at concentrations of 24, 52, or 111 ppm were 0/3, 1/3, and 3/3, respectively. For rodents, estimated LC50 values for hydrazine, asymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, and symmetrical dimethylhydrazine are shown in Table 3-8. 

Under the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA), the U.S. EPA evaluates the potential for people to be exposed to more than one pesticide at a time from a group of chemicals with an identified common mechanism of toxicity. As part of the examinations, to clarify whether some or all of the pyrethroids share a common mechanism of toxicity, a comparative FOB (functional observational battery) studies with 12 pyrethroids were carried out under standardized conditions [15]. The FOB was evaluated at peak effect time following oral administration of non-lethal doses of pyrethroids to rats using com oil as vehicle. Four principal components were observed in the FOB data [22], Two of these components described behaviors associated with CS syndrome (lower body temperature, excessive salivation, impaired mobility) and the others described behaviors associated with the T syndrome (elevated body temperature, tremor myoclonus). From the analysis, pyrethroids can be divided into two main groups (Type I T syndrome and Type II CS syndrome) and a third group (Mixed Type) that did not induce a clear typical response. Five other pyrethroids were also classified by an FOB study conducted in the same manner [16]. The results of these classifications are shown in Table 1. The FOB results for all non-cyano pyrethroids were classified as T syndrome, and the results of four ot-cyano pyrethroids were classified as CS syndrome however, three of the ot-cyano pyrethroids, esfenvalerate, cyphenothrin, and fenpropathrin, were classified as Mixed Type. 

Symptoms Nerve agents exposures results in rhinorrhea, chest tightness, pinpoint pupils, shortness of breath, excessive salivation and sweating, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, involuntary defecation and urination, muscle twitching, confusion, seizures, flaccid paralysis, coma, respiratory failure, and death. 

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