Emergency support

Strength ACEMD initiated early request for assistance from SC Emergency Management Division 75 percent of State Emergency Support Functions were activated. ACEMS equipment was quickly met, once requested through the EOC (Emergency Operations Center). Shift turnovers were pre-planned and worked well. School District representatives notified at approximately 3 30 a.m. and decision was made to close schools prior to EOC activation. 

Emerging Support Infrastructure for the Desired State Several academic institutions in the US, Europe, Switzerland, and Japan have incorporated PAT concepts in their curricula and several graduate students at these institutions are engaged in PAT research. Industry and academic collaborations (e.g.. Consortium for Advanced Manufacturing of Pharmaceuticals or CAMP) are providing additional support. 

Strengthen the emerging support structure in scientific societies and association (e.g., AAPS, ISPE, IFPATma, PDA, and others)... 

These patients may also exhibit symptoms of excessive stimulation of muscarinic receptors (abdominal cramps, diarrhea, increased salivation, excessive bronchial secretions, miosis, bradycardia). Small doses of edrophonium (1-2 mg intravenously) will produce no relief or even worsen weakness if the patient is receiving excessive cholinesterase inhibitor therapy. On the other hand, if the patient improves with edrophonium, an increase in cholinesterase inhibitor dosage may be indicated. Clinical situations in which severe myasthenia (myasthenic crisis) must be distinguished from excessive drug therapy (cholinergic crisis) usually occur in very ill myasthenic patients and must be managed in hospital with adequate emergency support systems (eg, mechanical ventilators) available. 

Together, the recent neuroanatomical, biochemical and behavioral data emerging support the role of neuronal HA and H3 receptor antagonists in cognition modulation. Studies at Gliatech have focused on the development on non-thiourea H3 receptor antagonists.10 GT-2016 was demonstrated to be a selective H3 receptor antagonist which penetrated the CNS very effectively and increased cortical HA release (Fig. 1). 

Nurses need to be aware of Emergency Support Function (ESF 8), Flealth and Medical Services, and its core provisions. 

List the 15 emergency support functions included in the plan, particularly the emergency support function (ESF) 8. 

Facilitate emergency mutual aid and federal emergency support to state, local, and tribal governments. 

Facilitate federal-to-federal interaction and emergency support. 

Within the NRP, there are 15 emergency support functions (ESF) (Table 2.1). Each ESF is coordinated by a federal agency, except ESF 6, which DHS coordinates with the American Red Cross. The ESFs provide coordination for interagency support from the federal government. 

Appreciate the importance of the American Red Cross as a lead or support agency for several of the emergency support functions identified in the National Response Plan. 

In addition to sharing a lead role in the ESF 6, the American Red Cross is named as a support agency in several other emergency support functions, including ESF 8, health and medical. This could involve activities such as providing logistic support for vaccine administration or adapting usual shelter services in catastrophic situations (such those that existed after Hurricane Katrina). 

National Response Plan (NRP) - The plan that coordinates federal resources in disaster situations. (The NRP is designed to address the consequences of any disaster or emergency situation in which there is need for federal assistance under the authorities of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq. The NRP is also the federal government s plan of action when assisting affected states and local jurisdictions in the event of a severe disaster or emergency. The plan consists of 12 emergency support functions [ESFs].)... 

Skilled support personnel are proficient in the operation of certain equipment, such as earth-moving or heavy-lifting, which is needed temporarily to provide immediate emergency support which cannot reasonably be provided in a timely fashion by an employer s own employee or a contractor. Skilled support personnel are not required to be trained. However, they must receive an initial briefing at the site on the proper use, function, and limitation of PPE, the chemical and physical hazards involved, and the duties to be performed. All other appropriate safety and health precautions that are provided to the employer s own employees should be used to ensure the safety and health of these personnel. 

Exposure victims should be moved immediately to fresh air. Standard emergency supportive care... 

The Department of Health and Human Services directs and resources the federal response under Emergency Support Function 8, Health and Medical Services. Response actions under this function are grouped into four general categories prevention, medical services, mental health services, and environmental health. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention serve as the lead in this mission to assess the health and medical effects of exposure, conduct field investigations, collect samples, provide advice on protection from the hazard, and lend technical assistance for treatment and decontamination of victims. 

Short-term supply security can be based on administrative measures, such as supply obligations in times of crises, and the market-based establishment of a liquid wholesale market that is capable of transmitting information about supply and demand very rapidly. Market-based instruments are generally more efficient to supply the right information, but some administrative measures may be needed for short-term security measures. This also requires the establishment of rules for cross-border support in cases of emergency. The financial compensation of such emergency support still needs to be explored in detail. 

Following is a simplified table of contents for an emergency plan established for an area containing a university, major commercial activities including chemically related industries, transportation sources (highway, rail, and air), and the usual variety of emergency support groups. 

Responsibilities of emergency support groups (initial response)... 

Emergency support function—Refers to a group of capabilities of federal departments and agencies to provide the support, resources, program implementation, and services that are most likely to be needed to save lives, protect property, restore essential services and critical infrastructure, and help victims return to normal following a national incident. 

Those skilled support personnel, such as employees who work for public works departments or equipment operators who operate bulldozers, sand trucks, backhoes, etc., who may be called to the incident scene to provide emergency support assistance, should have at least a safety and health briefing before entering the area of potential or actual exposure. These skilled support personnel, who have not been a part of the emergency response plan and do not meet the training requirements, should be made aware of the hazards they face and should be provided all necessary protective clothing and equipment required for their tasks. 

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