Safer chemistry design

A Resources to identify chemicals of concern B Chemical toxicity C Exposure assessment tools D Hazard and risk assessment tools E Safer chemistry design tools... 

Design for Environment Approaches to Risk Reduction Identifying and Encouraging the Use of Safer Chemistry... 

The welfare of the people who work with chemical products and processes is at least as important as the welfare of the environment. Green chemistry is anthropocentric (as is sustainable development). Several green chemistry principles reflect this anthropocentrism. Principles 3 (less-hazardous chemical synthesis), 4 (design of safer chemicals), 5 (safer solvents and auxiliaries), and 12 (inherently safer chemistry for accident prevention) express concern for the health of the people who handle materials or attend to processes (Anastas and Warner, 1998). While many of these safety benefits also accrue to nonhuman organisms, the focus of the principles is on the people who are exposed to these materials and methods. Inasmuch as we cannot know all of the environmental needs of nonhuman things, it is hard to imagine how the focus could be on anything else. 

PI - Prevention P2 - Atom economy P3 - Less hazardous chemical synthesis P4 - Design safer chemicals P5 - Safer solvents and auxiliary substances P< - Increase enei etic efficiency P7 - Use renewable feedstocks P8 - Reduce derivatizations P9 - Preference for catalytic reactions P10- Design for degradation Pll - Reabtime anafym for pollution prevention P12 - Safer chemistry for accident prevention... 

The Role of Medicinal Chemistry in Safer Chemical Design... 

S. C. DeVito, ia S. C. DeVito and R. L. Garrett, eds.. Designing Safer Chemicals Green Chemistry for Pollution Prevention, American Chemical Society Symposium Series 640, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 194—223. 

Understanding the chemistry of the process also provides the greatest opportunity in applying the principles of inherent safety at the chemical synthesis stage. Process chemistry greatly determines the potential impact of the processing facility on people and the environment. It also determines such important safety variables as inventory, ancillary unit operations, by-product disposal, etc. Creative design and selection of process chemistry can result in the use of inherently safer chemicals, a reduction in the inventories of hazardous chemicals and/or a minimization of waste treatment requirements. 

As the process moves from the process development stage to the design and construction stage the chemistry, unit operations, and type of equipment have been set. The design and construction stage needs to focus primarily on equipment specifications, piping and instrumentation design, installation details, and layout for an inherently safer installation. 

Design and development of inherently safer process chemistry and physical treatment may be the most economical way to eliminate a... 

In general, the tables simply provide recommendations for the operational control of FW and BW chemistry and are not designed to be a set of inflexible rules. Consequently, if experience confirms that alternative program control limits will lead to safer, easier, and more reliable operation of the boiler plant, then experience should be the deciding factor. 

---