Confirmation experiments

Sekine, M., Okimoto, K., Yamada, K., and Hata, T., Silyl phosphites. 15. Reactions of silyl phosphites with a-halocarbonyl compounds. Elucidation of the mechanism of the Perkow reaction and related reactions with confirmed experiments, /. Org. Chem., 46, 2097, 1981. 

To use the information gained from these types of experiments to model the process. The model can then be optimized and the tolerances set with the only requirement being computer time and confirmation experiments. The large number of experiments that would be required to perform the tolerance design study can be eliminated by this procedure. 

First, we should note that in practice experiment does not automatically trump calculations calculations which are considered to be reliable have been used to correct experimental results - or rather experimental claims, in contrast to confirmed experiments. Examples of this are the (likely) correction of dubious bond energies [1] and heats of formation [2], So the interesting question is, why should confirmed experiments take precedence in credibility to calculations Remove the quotation marks and the question almost answers itself as scientific realists [3] we believe that a good experiment reflects a reality of nature a calculation, on the other hand, is a kind of model of nature, possibly subject to revision. 

Element 111 was synthesized in 1994 using the reaction MNi + 209Bi —> 273111. A total of three a chains of the isotope 272111 were observed [25]. Another three decay chains were measured in a confirmation experiment in October 2000 [19]. 

Interpretation of a fractional factorial experiment always requires careful study of the results, engineering or scientific knowledge about the process being studied, and sometimes the judicious use of Occam s razor.1 Confirmation experiments... 

Cesarek, J. and Nie, D. 2005. New tool for automating serial dilutions for activity confirmation experiments. Poster presented at Laboratory Automation Exhibition and Conference, San Jose, January 2005. 

Dr. Wilson, in the same article to which reference is made above, makes this statement concerning nitrotoluene The changing of toluene to nitrotoluene is carried out without difficulty in the usual manner. The boiling-point of nitrotoluene lies between 220 and 225° C. This body boils without decomposition. The last statement of Dr. Wilson, concerning the ability of nitrotoluene to be distilled without decomposition, confirmed experiments carried out by Glenard and Boudalt. This question was a much mooted one at this time, since other chenoists had proved to their entire satisfaction that nitrotoluene could not be distilled without undergoing decomposition. Comment-... 

The B,C pathway was first proposed by Professor Johnson as a remarkable exercise in speculation. The confirming experiments were performed some 20 years later. See P. R. Shafer, W. E. Loeb, and W. S. Johnson, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 75, 5963, (1953). 

CH2 mw 186.18, N 45.14% solid mp — expl on heating (204—205°). It was first prepd by Duden Scharf (Refs 1 2) in a small yield by nitrosation of molar ratio soln of formaldehyde-ammonia, contg some water and NaCl. Henry (Ref 2a) obtd DNsoPMT by nitrosation of a similar, but more coned, formaldehyde-ammonia soln. Richmond et al (Ref 4) repeated the prepn and confirmed experiments of Duden Scharf and of Henry. 

A confirmation experiment was performed using the optimized parameters found in this study, where a new sample was extracted at 190 °C, 2-propanol as solvent, a static extraction time of 10 min. x 3 cycles with 60 % flush. The average yield of squalene from batch A was 509 pg/g (RSD value 16%, n=4), and from batch B 219 pg/g (RSD value 3.2%, n=5). The discrepancy in yield between sample A and B might be referred to the ct that the samples were taken at different times of the year, and might origin from different kind of olives. 

The coupling of two molecules of diiodotyrosine to give one molecule of thyroxine leads to the over-all loss of one alanine side chain, but the form in which this 3-carbon residue is removed is still not yet determined. Up till now, no work has been done on this reaction in the thyroid itself or in isolated thyroid tissues. All the evidence comes from in vitro incubations of diiodotyrosine or its derivatives modelled on von Mutzenbecher s experiments. Johnson and Tewkesbury (1942) found that after such incubations pyruvic acid and ammonia could be detected in the reaction mixture Ohno (see Roche and Michel, 1951) with the aid of chromatography was able to detect serine. Both of these compounds are likely results of the reaction, but at present neither of them has been confirmed. Experiments are still in progress (Pitt-Rivers, unpubhshed) to determine the nature of the alanine residue obtained during aerobic incuba tion of diiodotyrosine or its derivatives. It must, however, be emphasized that even if the nature of this residue were established in in vitro experiments, it would still be necessary to demonstrate that the same reaction takes place in the thyroid gland itself. 

Cells or other small particles may be observed to spin in an electric field that is either static, oscillatory, or rotating in direction. The spinning of more or less spherical bodies in a static field has been known for some time. The theory and confirming experiments for that type due to surface charge deposition by ambipolar (bidirectional) current have been given. 

The absence of a contribution from the B777 form in the fluorescence excitation spectra of the B820 particle clearly demonstrates that the different forms are behaving spectroscopically as distinct particles. This confirms experiments showing that the three different forms are exhibiting different hydrodynamical properties [2,4,5]. 

A confirmation experiment, imder the above-mentioned conditions, was conducted to confirm the optimal conditions obtained from the statistically based experimental design. Combined with the actual test conditions, 7% inulin added amount, 2.2% peptone content and 50 mL liquid medium volume were selected, and other insignificant impact factors were unchanged. The result showed Endoinulinase activity was 23.12 U/mL. Only two reports showed similar enzyme activities to our result. X H Duan et al (Duan et al. 2010) reported the highest endoinulinase activity is 18.29 U/mL. lie Zhao et al. (Zhao et al. 2012) obtained the highest endoinulinase activity is 12.48U/mL, but used uneconomical 3 days fermentation time, which was within the 95% confidence interval of the prediction. Therefore, the model was useful to predict the response and optimization of experimental conditions. 

The theory of saturation further confirmed. Experiments in order to analyse the nitrous acid compleately [and to exhibit the air contained in it]. Fire is matter and... is an elastic fluid. 

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