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Risk factors colon cancer

In summary, the true association between most dietary factors and the risk of colon cancer is unclear. The protective effects of fiber, calcium, and a diet low in fat are not completely known. Lifestyle factors such as NSAID use and hormone use appear to decrease the risk of colorectal cancer, whereas physical inactivity, alcohol use, and smoking appear to increase the risk of colon cancer. Clinical risk factors and genetic mutations are well-known risks for colon cancer. [Pg.1344]

Ziegler RG, Blot WJ, Hoover R, Blattner WA and Fraumeni JF Jr. 1981. Protocol for a study of nutritional factors and the low risk of colon cancer in Southern retirement areas. Cancer Res 41 3724-3726. [Pg.51]

A study by Giovannucd cl al. (1995) revealed that low folate status can increase risk for colon cancer. This study was a prospective study that involved 47,931 males over the course of six years- Food intake was estimated by means of questionnaires. Low folate, alone, was found not to be associated with increased risk for colon cancer. However, when accompanied with (or combined with) low dietary methionine and regular alcohol intake, a dramatic risk for colon cancer was found. This risk ratio associated with the aforementioned three factors (low folate, low inethioninc, habitual alcohol) was 3.3. As noted elsewhere, risk ratios of greater than 2.0 or less than 0.5 are considered to be "convincing," and not merely "somewhat suggestive."... [Pg.909]

Decreased white blood cell (WBC) count and clotting factors, anemias, intestinal disturbances, depression may decrease the risk of colon cancer None significant... [Pg.95]

Although fruit and, more consistently, vegetable intakes are inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, the epidemiological evidence for vitamin C as a specific protective factor is less consistent. Since 1990, two out of four prospective studies have observed a significant inverse association between vitamin C intake and the risk of colon or rectal cancer. In a prospective cohort study that followed 4277 elderly men and 7300 elderly women over 8 years, women who consumed more than 225mg/d of vitamin C had a 39% lower risk of colon cancer than women who consumed less than 155mg/d, but no association between vitamin C intake and colon cancer risk was observed for men. A similar decrease in colon cancer risk was observed in women who took vitamin C supplements. A recent study of colon cancer mortality in more than 700,000 U.S. men and women found that the use of vitamin C supplements for at least 10 years was associated with a 60% reduction in rectal cancer risk, but was not significantly associated with colon cancer risk. ... [Pg.348]

Diets high in red meat and low in green vegetables have been associated with increased colon cancer risk and the opposite has been postulated for diets rich in green vegetables. A plausible explanation for an increased colon cancer risk is that dietary haem is metabolized in the gut to a factor that increases colonic cytotoxicity and hyperproliferation, which are considered important risk factors in the development of cancer. In this sense, it has been shown that spinach and isolated natural chlorophyll, but not sodium-copper chlorophyUin, prevented the proliferation of colonic cells and may therefore reduce colon cancer risk. It has been speculated that haem and chlorophylls, due to their hydrophobicity, form a complex, thus preventing the metabolism of haem. ... [Pg.44]

Roediger, W.E.W., Lawson, M.J. and Radcliife, B.C. (1990). Nitrite from inflammatory cells - cancer risk factor in ulcerative colitis Dis. Colon Rectum 33, 1034-1036. [Pg.170]

O Although there are numerous risk factors for developing colon cancer, age is the biggest risk factor. [Pg.1341]

What risk factors does GW have for colon cancer ... [Pg.1343]

Besides age, the development of colorectal cancer appears to be caused by variety of dietary or environmental factors, comor-bid disease states, and genetic susceptibility to the disease. Table 88-1 lists well-known risk factors for developing colon cancer. Epidemiologic studies of worldwide incidence of colorectal... [Pg.1343]

Giovannucci E. Modifiable risk factors for colon cancer. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2002 31 925-943. [Pg.1355]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.37 , Pg.212 ]




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