Ricin properties

Kabat, Elvin E., Michael Eleidelberger, and Ada E. Bezer. "A Study of the Purification and Properties of Ricin." Journal of Biological Chemistry 168 (1947) 629-39. 

Moriyama, Hideo. "Purification and Properties of Ricin." Igaku to Seibutsugaku (1947) 163-66. 

Without nominalization The heterogeneous property of ricin is generally not considered in studies of how toxic it is. (16 words)... 

Ricin is a potent cellular protein toxin contained in the beans of the castor been plant (Ricinus communis), which is extensively cultivated for oil production and is also a common ornamental garden plant. Ricin is able to inhibit ribosomal protein synthesis eventually causing cell death, and owing to these properties it has been allegedly used in terrorist and criminal activities. After trypsin digestion of castor bean crude extracts, Ostin et al. [105] were able to unambiguously... 

The principal use of the plant is lor the oil contained in the seeds, This oil is pressed out without healing the seeds. The particular properties make this oil valuable for specialized uses, such as low temperature lubrication. It is an important constituent of hydraulic brake fluid and other fluids where the degree of compressibility is important- Castor oil also finds medical uses, as an ingredient of special soaps, and in the preparation of some lexiile dyes. Ricin, an alkaloid present in castor oil. also has been used in insecticides. Prior lo the preparation of refined castor oil for medical purposes, ricin must be removed. 

Funatsu, G., Funatsu, M. (1970). Isolation and chemical properties of various types of ricin. Jpn. J. Med. Sci. Biol. 23 342-4 Gareth, D., Griffiths, G.D., Rice, P., Allenby, A.C., Bailey, S.C., Upshall, D.G. (1995). Inhalation toxicology and histopa-thology of ricin and abrin toxins. Inhal. Toxicol. 7 269-88 Gill, D.M. (1982). Bacterial toxins a table of lethal amounts. Microbiol. Rev. 46 86-94. 

Sundan A, Olsnes S, Sandvig K, Pihl A (1982) Preparation and properties of chi-maeric toxins prepared from the constituent polypeptides of diphtheria taxin and ricin. Evidence for the entry of ricin A-chain via the diphtheria toxin pathway. J Biol Cbem 257 9733-9739. 

Representative Chemicals Ricin Other toxalbumins with similar ricin-like properties Abrus pre-catorius (jequirty pea, rosary pea), Trichosanthes spp. (Chinese cucumber), Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust), Phoradendron spp. (American mistletoe), Viscum spp. (European mistletoe), and Wisteria spp. (wisteria)... 

Ishiguro, M., Takahashi, T., Hayashi, K. and Funatsu, M. (1964b) Biochemical studies on ricin. 11. Molecular weight and some physicochemical properties of crystalline ricin D. J Biochem (Tokyo), 56, 325-327. 

Olsnes, S. and Pihl, A. (1973a) Different biological properties of the two constituent peptide chains of ricin, a toxic protein inhibiting protein synthesis. Biochemistry, 12, 3121-3126. 

Olsnes, S., Sandvig, K., Eiklid, K. and Pihl, A. (1978b) Properties and action mechanism of the toxic lectin modeccin interaction with cell fines resistant to modeccin, abrin, and ricin. J Supramol Struct, 9, 15-25. 

Sundan, A., Sandvig, K. and Olsnes, S. (1983) Preparation and properties of a hybrid toxin of modeccin A-chain and ricin B-chain. Biochim Biophys Acta, 761, 296-302. 

Wawrzynczak, E.J., Cumber, A.J., Henry, R.V. and Parnell, G.D. (1991) Comparative biochemical, cytotoxic and pharmacokinetic properties of immunotoxins made with native ricin A chain, ricin Al chain and recombinant ricin A chain. Int J Cancer, 47, 130-135. 

Abrin is a plant toxin, which is closely related to ricin in terms of its structure and chemical properties. It is obtained from the seeds of Abrus pre-catorius (commonly known as jequirity bean or rosary pea ), a tropical vine cultivated as an ornamental plant in many locations. Jequirity beans are usually scarlet in colour with a black spot at one end (though less common different coloured varieties exist) and are approximately 3x8 mm in size. 

The structural similarity of abrin to ricin is reflected also in its toxicokinetic properties with... 

In Chapter 1, the structure, synthesis and toxicity of ricin, a protein present in the endosperm cells of the seeds of the castor oil plant, are described and possible uses of this toxic agent in immunology as conjugates with antibodies are discussed. The biochemical and pharmacological evidence for the presence of functional histamine receptors in the mammalian central nervous system is set out in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 covers the chemical properties of molybdenum-containing enzymes such as aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase, although their physiological roles are by no means clear. 

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