Retinal brain-derived neurotrophic

Klocker, N., Cellerino, A., and Bahr, M. (1998). Free radical scavenging and inhibition of nitric oxide synthase potentiates the neurotrophic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on axotomized retinal ganglion cells in vivo.J. Neurosci. 18, 1038—1046. 

Nakazawa, T., Tamai, M., and Mori, N. (2002). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor prevents axoto-mized retinal ganglion cell death through MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways. Invest. Ophthalmol. 

BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor is a member of the nerve growth factor family of trophic factors. In the brain, BDNF has a trophic action on retinal, cholinergic, and dopaminergic neurons, and in the peripheral nervous system it acts on both motor and sensory neurons. (From Kendrew, The Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994). 

Mansour-Robaey, S., Clarke, D. B., Wang, Y. C., Bray, G. M., and Aguayo, A. J., Effects of ocular injury and administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on survival and regrowth of axotomized retinal ganglion cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 91, 1632, 1994. 

Peinado-Ramon, P., Salvador, M., Villegas-Perez, M. P, and Vidal-Sanz, M., Effects of axotomy and intraocular administration of NT-4, NT-3, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor on the survival of adult rat retinal ganglion cells. A quantitative in vivo study, Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci., 37,489, 1996. 

The continued availability of adequate trophic support appears to be crucial not only for the development of nerve cells and their interconnecting circuitry, but also for the maintenance of neurons and their synapses in the adult (31). There is considerable evidence that diffusible, target-derived trophic factors play important roles in the development of specific retinal cell types. In particular, the neurotrophins [nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin (NT)-3 and NT-4/5] have received considerable attention for their potential roles in both developing and adult nervous systems (66,67). 

Rodriguez-Tebar A, Jeffery PL, Thoenen H, Barde Y-A. The survival of chick retinal ganglion cells in response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor depends on their embryonic age. Dev Biol 1989 136 296-303. 

Castillo JB, del Cerro M, Breakefield XO, et al. Retinal ganglion cell survival is promoted by genetically modified astrocytes designed to secrete brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Brain Res 1994 647 30-36. 

Lom B, Cohen-Cory S. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor differentially regulates retinal ganglion cell dendritic and axonal arborizations in vivo. J Neurosci 1999 19 9928-9938. 

Gao H, Qiao X, Hafti F, Hollyfield JG, Knusel B. Elevated mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in retinal ganglion cell layer after optic nerve injury. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997 38 1840-1847. 

Gao H, Qiao X, Cantor LB, WuDunn D. Up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression by brimonidine in rat retinal ganglion cells. Arch Ophthalmol 2002 120 797-803. 

Klocker N, Kermer P, Weishaupt JH, Labes M, Ankerhold R, Bahr M. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated neuroprotection of adult rat retinal ganglion cells in vivo does not exclusively depend on phosphatidyl-inositol-3 -kinase/protein kinase B signaling. J Neurosci 2000 20 6962-6967. 

Di Polo A, Aigner LJ, Dunn RJ, Bray GM, Aguayo AJ. Prolonged delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor by adenovirus-infected Muller cells temporarily rescues injured retinal ganglion cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998 95 3978-3983. 

Thanos, S., Bahr, M., Barde, Y.A. and Vaneslow, J. (1989) Survival and axonal elongation of adult rat retinal ganglion cells. In vitro effects of lesioned sciatic nerve and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Eur. J. Neurosci. 1 19-26. 

---