Results Display

Vapor-pressure data correlated with the Antoine equation. Results displayed graphically. 

An ethylene plant contains more than 300 equipment items. Traditionally, operators were trained at the site alongside experienced co-workers. With the advent of modem computers, the plant operation can be simulated on a real-time basis, and the results displayed on monitors (107). Computers are used in a modem plant to control the entire operation, eg, they are used to control the heaters and the recovery section (108). A weU-controUed plant is much more profitable than a poorly controlled plant. For the heaters, a model-based control system is gaining importance (109). Instead of simply controlling the coil outlet temperature (COT), severity is actually controlled. The measurement of severity (either or C H /CH ratio) requires on-line effluent... 

By using the Solve option from the LINGO menu, we get the following results displayed on the Reports window ... 

It becomes crucial for much larger values of k that correspond to liquids. Although the results displayed in Fig. 2.7 are related to the same i as in Fig. 2.6, additional maxima appear on the wings of IR spectra, which correspond to the maxima of g(cu) shown in Fig. 1.9. It looks like a manifestation of molecular libration during collisions, and changes qualitatively the shape of the wings as compared with the intermediate impact asymptotics shown in Fig. 2.4. In the FIR... 

Fig. 4.1 Internal quality control results displayed on a Levis-Jen-nings chart.

The result displays that basically all the iron will be reduced to the ferrous state by zinc. There are some illustrations of cells wherein the overall reaction corresponds to the solution of an insoluble salt. In such cases the equilibrium constant that can be demarcated is a solubility product. This can be shown by the cell ... 

The current status of HF abundances from infrared spectroscopy in samples of red-giants from different Galactic stellar populations are summarized in Figure 1. The abundance results displayed in this figure are from Cunha et al. (2003), plus new results for stars at the lowest metallicities, as well as two Orion pre-main-sequence stars. The run of fluorine with metallicity is now probed between oxygen abundances from roughly 7.7 to 8.7. 

The results, displayed in Figure 2.28, show a good agreement between the three methods within their range of applicability, noting that nanosecond laser flash photolysis and redox catalysis have similar capabilities, with a slight advantage to the former method. 

Calculation of the convolution integral in equation (6.5) may be performed as depicted in Section 2.2.8, leading to the results displayed in Figure 1.12. 

Research and development technologists at the Dow Chemical Company can characterize materials in a variety of ways. One material property that is especially critical in polymer foaming and processing technology is density. A tool used for measuring the density of a material is called a pycnometer. There are many different manual and automatic types to choose from. For extremely accurate and precise density measurements, an easy-to-use, fully automatic gas displacement pycnometer is utilized. Analyses are commenced with a single keystroke. Once an analysis is initiated, data are collected, calculations performed, and results displayed without further operator intervention. 

The two above features which modify the simplest theory extend the range of distances z between the fluorophore and the surface over which the results remain valid, from a minimum of several hundred nanometers without the modifications to less than ten nanometers with them. Those two features are incorporated into the results displayed here. Other refinements, not included here, involve consideration of energy transfer to electron-hole pairs (for metals only at z < 10 nm) and nonhomogeneous atomic field effects (z<0.25 nm). We first assume that the intrinsic quantum yield is 100% then we will modify that assumption. 

Basic Functions. The fundamental symbolic operation which is used performs the permutations on lists of numbers. The Common Lisp supplied function ROTATEF is designed to do just this. An arbitrary number of arguments can be supplied to it, and it returns a list in which the first argument is at the end, and the others have been shifted one space to the left. An example of the application of this function, and the result displayed on the screen is,... 

Detailed validation for low humidity PEFC, where the current distribution is of more interest and likely leads to discovery of optimal water management strategies, was performed most recently. Figure 35 shows a comparison of simulated and measured current density profiles at cell potentials of 0.85, 0.75, and 0.7 V in a 50 cm cell with anode and cathode RH of 75% and 0%. Both experimental data and simulation results display the characteristics of a low humidity cell the local current density increases initially as the dry reactants gain moisture from product water, and then it decreases toward the cathode outlet as oxygen depletion becomes severe. The location of the peak current density is seen to move toward the cathode inlet at the lower cell potential (i.e., 0.7 V) due to higher water production within the cell, as expected. 

The measurement method has also been verified in this paper. The verification result is in good agreement with the predicted uncertainty (recall Paper II) of the method, that is, the average relative uncertainty of the mass flow of conversion gas was determined to 5.5% and the verification result displayed average relative errors in the range of 5 %. 

The results displayed in Figure 9.10 show that it is possible to calibrate a model for the average particle size (slope 0.96, relative RMSEP = 3%), which would serve as a good indication to the process control operators to optimize the process to produce granules within product specifications. Test samples still have to be sent to the laboratory with some regularity to produce more accurate meastires, but much less frequently... 

Display results display the cycle properties results. The cycle is a heat engine. 

The results displayed in Fig. 30 refer to samples of relatively high molecular weight (the Mw for the bottom curve is 20 x 104). Corresponding plots for lower molecular weight PBLG are presented in Fig. 31. It is to be noted that all of these data points were determined in a mixture of fixed solvent composition (24% EDC and 76% DCA). The upper two curves exhibit a minimum, though quite shallow,... 

Do these results display the expected correlation between M and VR1 The flow rate in the instrument used in this research was 1.0 ml min how long would it take for samples of molecular weight 104, 105, and 106 to emerge from the column Is this order of elution times qualitatively consistent with Equations (26) and (27) ... 

Ruggieri s Russian fire, as his son later described it, consisted of crystallized copper acetate 4 parts, copper sulfate 2 parts, and ammonium chloride 1 part,13 all finely pulverized and mixed with alcohol, and placed upon cotton wick attached to spikes upon the thin metal pieces which were the leaves of the palm tree. The resulting display would not be impressive according to modern standards. 

It was shown that narrow-rim CMPO derivatives form stronger 1 1 lanthanide complexes than their wide-rim counterparts. However, lanthanide extraction results display a stronger extracting ability. This discrepancy can be explained by the fact that, contrary to the wide-rim CMPO calixarenes that form polymeric species, a part of less lipophilic monomeric narrow-rim CMPO calixarene piles up at the interface instead of being extracted, as predicted by Wipff for the extraction of strontium by mixed amide calixarenes (see Section 4.4.1.1). This assumption is all the more... 

Fig. 4.4. A histogram of fluorescence and contour plots (plotted according to different line assignments) of the same data. Comparison between the histogram and the contour plots allows us to see at what altitudes the contour lines have been drawn for each contour plot and why the resulting displays look so different.

Program options for a calculation can be set up through a GUI, and after a calculation (such as described in the sections below) is complete, the results (output) may be examined visually on the computer screen (22). The quantum chemical and molecular simulations methods (see below) are computationally intense and generate large quantities of data. Computer visualization of the output helps make the data meaningful to chemists. Sometimes, it can be very helpful to the chemist to see the computed results displayed as numbers or properties in or around the molecular structure. 

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