RESOURCES ON SAFETY AND HEALTH

Figure 35-3 illustrates the model for SMS used by the International Labour Office (ILO). ILO publishes a guideline " and other resources on safety and health management systems. Its model involves five elements, all working within a focus on continual improvement. 

Identify Resource(s) or Further Analysis Utilized to address the technical basis and the impact of the change on safety, and health, and regulatory compliance. 

EL = emissions level ERA = Environmental Protection Agency HSDB = Hazardous Substances Data Bank lARC = International Agency for Research on Cancer IRIS = Integrated Risk Information System NIOSH = National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health OEL = occupational exposure limit OSHA = Occupational Safety and Health Administration PEL = permissible exposure limit RAC = reference air concentration REL = recommended exposure limit RCRA = Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RfD = reference dose TLV = threshold limit value TWA = time-weighted average WHO = World Health Organization... 

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). The MSDS CD-ROM is a useful resource that contains over 33,000 MSDS on chemicals submitted to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) by chemical manufacturers. This resource contains complete Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) information as well as other important information such as the chemical formula, structure, physical properties, synonyms, registry number, and safety information. 

The third and fourth disks include Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) information. These disks contain data bases on Resource Organizations, Resource People, Case Law, Jurisprudence, Fatalities, Mining Incidents, and ADISCAN. Furthermore, information on Noise Levels, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSHTEC) Non-Ionizing Radiation Levels, and a Document Information Directory System is readily retrievable. These CD-ROM materials are available from the Canadian Center for Occupational Health and Safety, 250 Main Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 1H6. 

On May 7, the jury in Pocatello, ID, found that Allan Elias ordered employees of Evergreen Resources, a fertilizer manufacturing company he owned, to enter and clean out a 25,000-gallon storage tank containing cyanide without taking required precautions to protect his employees. Occupational Safety and Health Administration inspectors repeatedly had warned Elias... 

Research studies, health hazard evaluations, extensive Unks to occupational safety and health resources on the Internet... 

Expanding access to computers and networks represents a resource which should not be overlooked. There are two Universal Resource Locators that represent a sound starting point for obtaining safety related resources available on the internet. First, the full text version of the Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories, 3rd edition, March 1993 may be accessed at http //www.cdc.gov/od/ ohs/biosfty/bmbl-l.htm. Another excellent starting point is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration home page at http // www.osha.gov, which allows access to multiple sources of information, as well as a listing of Safety and Health Internet Sites. 

Although we have access to an enormous amount of information, the quality and reproducibility of data varies considerably. Governmental and regulatory influences have not provided any guarantees as to the accuracy of data related to xenobiotics and the researcher needs to understand the purpose and mandates behind an information resource to fully evaluate the data contained within. For example, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) criteria for selection of data is not based on the reproducibility of that data. Other sources, such as the National Library of Medicine s Hazardous Substances Databank (HSDB), present information compiled from a wide variety of source materials that are extensively reviewed by experts. 

Peroxide hazard classification expert systems development at FM/Norwood is presently on hold until some of the resources noted become available. We have a way to go before a fully validated classification model is complete. At the same time, we are continuing to explore the possibility of using chemical database programs such as those available from Molecular Design Inc. and the University of Santiago, Chile (ARIUSA) as components of our chemical hazard expert systems. We are also looking at chemical databases on optical disc such as those available from DuPont, Aldrich, Micromedix and the Canadian Center for Occupational Safety and Health as components of future systems. 

This Handbook consists of two volumes. Voliune 1 contains the core material, including a discussion of the elements of a quality chemical program and information on applicable DOE, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) directives, standards, and requirements. The appendices to Volume 1 contain sample lines of inquiry, which may be used for ISM verification lessons learned to allow readers an opportunity to learn from the experiences of their peers and a listing of program resources. 

Figure 1 illustrates a general public health approach for improving the safety and health of the workforce (HHS 1989). It begins with surveillance. We have to know what the hazards are and their safety and health consequences before we can establish priorities on where to apply our limited resources and develop intervention strategies. At the nation level, there are statistics on occupational... 

Vol. 30 Mineral Resources (1998) is the rules for implementation stipulated in accordance with the Mine Act. Also, statutory standard on mine safety and health can be proposed and revised as needed every year. Other coalmine safety-related regulations include Coal General Inspection Procedures Handbook and Inspection Tracking System and 1970 Occupational Safety and Health Act, etc. Systematic, complete and strict legal system in American mine safety has become the first requisite for the country to ensure its accident investigation to be scientific and reasonable [ZHAO Jun et al. 2008, ZHANG Chuanbao JIA Xiuhua 2011]. 

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