Research stationary industrial applications

The European Union sponsors the Real SOFC program, which aims to raise the durability of p lanarSOFCstackstoa level acceptable for stationary applications to find materials, manufacturing routes and standards suitable for low cost production and, to reduce specific weight and volume of SOFC stacks. The consortium includes 25 of Europe s leading research and industrial organisations. 

The versatility of chiral stationary phases and its effecitve application in both analytical and large-scale enantioseparation has been discussed in the earlier book A Practical Approach to Chiral Separation by Liquid Chromatography" (Ed. G. Sub-ramanian, VCH 1994). This book aims to bring to the forefront the current development and sucessful application chiral separation techniques, thereby providing an insight to researchers, analytical and industrial chemists, allowing a choice of methodology from the entire spectrum of available techniques. 

Since 1992, a vast variety of rigid organic monolithic stationary phases with different chanistry, functionality, and column geometry has been reported for HPLC as well as CEC applications, as summarized by the number of excellent reviews [25-32,213], The development and enhancanent of monolithic stationary phases is stiU a rapidly growing area of research with scientific and industrial interest. 

The X-ray tube is a very widespread source of radiation in university and industrial research laboratories. However, the intensity of its radiation is limited mainly by the ability to remove heat from the anode. For most applications, suitable intensities are obtained only for the characteristic Ka and KP lines of a few metallic elements with a high thermal conductivity. The choice of wavelengths is thus rather limited. It is possible to produce more intense beams with rotating anodes. However, the purchase and maintenance of such a machine is much more expensive than the utilization of a classical tube with a stationary anode. 

Good performances can be obtained with the non-aqueous Li-ion redox-flow system however, a technical discussion of these results with RS2E s Industrial Partners immediately concluded that the economic viability of the system (for stationary applications) needed to focus on aqueous systems (for reasons of safety, toxicity and cost). This is the direction our research is currently taking. 

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