Reproductive strategies

Iaing75b] Laing, R. Some Alternative Reproduction Strategies in Artificial Molecular Machines, J. Theor. Biol, 54 (1975) 63-84. 

Harper, J.L. Ogden, J. (1970). The reproductive strategy of higher plants. I. The concept of strategy with special reference to Senecio vulgaris L. Journal of Ecology, 58, 681-98. 

Marine mammals have adapted to an aquatic or semi-aquatic lifestyle with such features as reduced or eliminated limb structures, a blubber layer for thermoregulatory, nutritional, buoyancy and locomotory roles, and reproductive strategies conducive to fitness in a given biogeographic zone (habitat). The environmental challenges faced by newborn marine mammals at birth may explain there largely precocious nature and the apparent maturity of the immune system of newborn marine mammals [1],... 

Tannenbaum, R. (1975) Reproductive strategies in the white-lined bat. PhD Thesis, Cornell University... 

Grammer, K. 1989. Human Courtship Biological Bases and Cognitive Processing. In The sociobiology of sexual and reproductive Strategies (Ed. by A. Rasa, C. Vogel E. Volland), pp. 147—169. London Chapman and Hall. 

In contrast to this ever-nearer dead-end for the direct investigation of ejaculates, the possibilities for investigating the way that testis size and symmetry influence male (and, for symmetry, female) reproductive strategy at different stages of their lives seem to be widening. There is still much more to discover about human copulation, masturbation and infidelity than is discussed in this interim description of the state-of-the-art. 

Wrangham, R. W. and Waterman, P. (1981). Feeding behavior of vervet monkeys on Acacia tortilis and Acacia xanthopbea with special reference to reproductive strategies and tannin production. Journal of AnimalEcology 50,715-731. 

Ayasse M., Schiestl F. R, Paulus H. F., Lofstedt Hanson B. S., Ibarra F. and Francke W. (2000) Evolution of reproductive strategies in the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys sphegodes how does flower-specific variation of odor signals influence reproductive success Evolution 54, 1995-2006. 

Hanks, L. M. (1999). Influence of the larval host plant on reproduction strategies of cerambycid beetles. Ann. Rev. Entomol., 44, 483-505. 

Alda Alvarez O, Jager T, Kooijman SALM, Kammenga JE. 2005. Responses to stress of Caenorhabditis elegans populations with different reproductive strategies. Funct Ecol 19 656-664. 

Bereczkei T, Dunbar RIM 1997 Female-biased reproductive strategies in a Hungarian gypsy population. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 264 17-22 David AS, Malmberg A, Brandt L, Allebeck P, Lewis G 1997 IQ and risk for schizophrenia a population-based cohort study. Psychol Med 27 1311—1323 Kaplan H, Hill K, Lancaster J, Hutardo AM 2000 A theory of human life history evolution. Evol Anthropol, in press... 

Wani, P.A., Ganaie, K.A., Nawchoo, I.A. and Wafai, B.A. (2006). Phenological episodes and reproductive strategies of Inula racemosa (Asteraceae)- a critically endangered medicinal herb of North West Himalaya. International J. of Botany, 2 (2) 388-394. 

Hydroids have very complex reproductive strategies. Special structures on polyps produce offspring in the medusa stage. Medusae then release eggs and sperm. Fertilized eggs develop into swimming larvae, which settle down to begin new hydrozoan colonies. 

It is important to appreciate methodological differences in the procedures by which tests for subacute toxicity are carried out, and differences in the results that may be obtained with fish having different reproduction strategies. The two test protocols for zebra fish may be used as illustration of the first, and the divergent results for a single substance using zebra fish and guppy used as illustration of the second. 

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