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Remediation decisions concerning

Thus, knowledge of the dominant transformation or transport processes would lead to a more informed decision concerning remediation of PCB-contaminated systems and would improve fate predictions. For example, the best remedial action for a biologically mediated system may simply be to allow the PCBs to degrade over time into a less toxic form. Conversely, remediation of contaminated systems dominated by physiochemical modification of the PCB congeners may require an active response to prevent the problem from moving into environmental compartments over which there is little or no control. [Pg.568]

In order to take intelligent decisions concerning possible remedies it is necessary to understand the principles regulating the intake of heavy metals by infants via different routes, especially in the case of oral intake. There may be significant differences in the absorption processes. It still has to be determined whether there are different toxicokinetic conditions in the growing organism at all, so that different patterns of distribution have to be assumed. In that case the elimination and accumulation processes should be evaluated differ-... [Pg.197]

To involve people, they must get ownership of a portion of the safety program. The near miss incident reporting and remedy system (NEMIRR) is ideal in this respect as each individual can participate freely in the reporting of near miss incidents without fear of reprisal. To motivate employees, they must participate in the decisions concerning the safety and health system and, where possible, take ownership of a part of the safety program. The near miss incident reporting mechanism gives all employees a role to play in the safety process. [Pg.111]

NPL Superfund Records of Decision (RODs) were loeated for 24 of the 27 currently listed NPL sites where the HazDat database lists 3,3 -diehlorobenzidine as a eontaminant. A ROD is a legally binding doeument that states the results of investigation and feasibility testing at hazardous waste sites and tells what techniques will be used to remediate the site. At four of the sites, 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine was verified as a contaminant. The RODs for the other 20 sites did not mention 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine as a contaminant of concern (i.e., one that warrants development of cleanup criteria and a choice of remedy). Affected soil was removed from three of the four contaminated sites. Only one site, Bofors Nobel in Michigan, required development of a cleanup criteria (CPMA 1998). [Pg.112]

What is the criterion that determines whether a decontamination procedure was effective It is not the absolute absence of any chemical contaminants in the equipment blank. Important for the project are only the contaminants of concern and their concentrations. For site investigations, when no information is available on existing pollutants, it may be important that no contaminants of concern are present in equipment blank samples above the laboratory PQLs. On the other hand, for site remediation projects, the presence of contaminants of concern in equipment blank samples may be acceptable, if these concentrations are only a fraction of the action levels. The decision to decontaminate equipment and the selection of the acceptability criteria for equipment blanks are made in the DQO process based on the intended use of the data. [Pg.73]

The last question raises an important issue, as the distinction between method target analytes and project contaminants of concern is a cornerstone of decision-making in data usability evaluation. Not all of the method target analytes may necessarily be the project contaminants of concern. For remediation projects, the contaminants of concern are typically a subset of the method target analytes. For such projects, only the PQLs for the contaminants of concern matter the rest of the target analytes are incidental to data use. [Pg.273]

The District of Columbia was also concerned that the Remedial Investigation is dated June 1,1995, whereas the Record of Decision recommending no further action was first presented to the public on March 23,1995. This creates the appearance of a rush to judgment. The risk assessments did not include the FRA soil sample data. Moreover, there was no mention of the FPA s extremely high arsenic readings. Because the FPA and the Army analyzed different samples, not including the FPA data in the risk assessment for all chemicals was fundamentally flawed. [Pg.140]

The reliability of the information on the submarine and icebreaker SGI structures and materials centers on the reactor cores, the thermal shields, the RPVs, and their associated support structures. Core details for the submarine LMRs is the most comprehensive, with information on the fuel rod materials, dimensions, and pitch, CCR and EPR materials and locations, and overall materials distribution. For the icebreaker PWRs, the information is essentially limited to die fuel rod materials, dimensions, and pitch and the configuration of the control rods (OCRs) and scram rods (EPRs) within the cores. In both cases, the core details are substantially more reliable than the core details for the submarine PWRs, where assumptions were made. Information for the thermal shields and the RPVs is reasonably complete with regard to the materials, dimensions, and locations of one with respect to another. The most detail is associated widi the submarine LMRs. Information on the support structures for the reactor cores, thermal shields, and RPVs has not been provided to any significant degree. As such, it is the area where the largest number of assumptions have been made and where the data is the least reliable. With respect to future concerns of potential reactor criticality and remedial actions, the lack of details on the support structures may impact future decisions. [Pg.63]

The subjective biases of the decision-makers are a concern. In attribution-theory research, people s judgements in determining accident causes and selecting remedies are studied (DeJoy, 1994). Due to the fact that accidents often are causally ambiguous and emotionally charged, subjective biases play an important role in the attribution of causes. Self-protective biases on behalf of the supervisor makes him/her likely to deny his/her own responsibility for an accident. Instead, the accident is often attributed to causes beyond the supervisor s control by blaming the workers involved. They, on the other hand, are likely to favour situational causes in the working environment. [Pg.80]


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