Reflection, personal

In taking this approach, someone new to the field of surface chemistry and catalysis can hopefully obtain a perspective on how more recent atom resolved information confirms or questions long-standing tenets. There is, therefore, a historical flavour to the book, with the first chapter dealing briefly with how did we get to where we are now . This inevitably means that the views expressed reflect personal perspectives but are very much influenced by the outstanding contributions from those who have pioneered the development of STM in surface chemistry and catalysis, of which groups at the Fritz-Haber Institut in Berlin and the universities at Aahrus, Berkeley and Stanford have been at the forefront. 

Reflecting personal preferences, we focus in this review on the modeling of ultrafast bound-state processes following photoexcitation such as electron transfer, internal-conversion via conical intersections, and nonadiabatic... 

Differences of opinion are common among epidemiologists based on what appears to be similar, if not comparable, data. In spite of the numerous large-scale and long-term investigations, the debate eontinues over whether there is a safe (threshold) level for asbestos or other fibrous materials, or if there is a linear dose-response relationship in the induction of cancer. Conclusions and interpretations of this body of data usually reflect personal philosophy and tolerance of risk. 

What I find most attractive about [DCM] is that it fits my sense of smart assessment, assessment that makes the context, environment, or institution smarter and more reflective, (personal communication)... 

This book is not an exhaustive review. Rather it is an uneven seleetion of examples whose interplay across disciplines hopefully illuminates what drives the practice of forest production, wood processing and consumer preferences. The choice of material is arbitrary reflecting personal biases. It is a summary of material presented to students at the NZ School of Forestry at the University of Canterbury. 

Column selection during method development often reflects personal preferences or prior experience.1,4,6 Nevertheless, some general guidelines can be suggested based on consensus of experienced chromatographers. Note that these recommendations focus on RPLC. 

So numerous, extensive, and comprehensive are the genuine benefits of full-time employment within the chemical industry that they demand separate expositions. They faU into five categories educational, financial, social, temporal, and miscellaneous. Temporal benefits pertain to working times like business hours and yearly vacations. This account of job benefits inevitably reflects personal experience and perspectives, so it strives not for universal, timeless accuracy but for representativeness. 

Halln, L., Redstr, J. Slow Technology Designing for Reflection, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, vol. 5(3). ACM Press, New York (2001)... 

Principle 26 All perception is biased and reflects personal history, prejudices, motives, and expectations. 

The Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development framed this well in Turning Points (Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development, 1989) when it recommended five goals for successful adolescent development. Every adolescent should be an intellectually reflective person, a person en route to a lifetime of meaningful work, a good citizen, a caring and ethical individual, and a healthy person (p. 15). 

Alcohol. The number of driving under the influence of alcohol (DUl) cases reflects the enormity of the dmnken driving problem in the United States (9). Tests to measure blood alcohol concentration are conducted on blood, urine, or breath (10). In the case of urine and breath, the alcohol concentration measured is reported in terms of the equivalent blood alcohol concentration. Most states in the United States presume that a person is under the influence of alcohol with respect to driving a motor vehicle at a blood alcohol concentration of 0.10%, ie, an ethanol concentration >10 g/100 mL of blood. Some states maintain a lower necessary concentration of 0.08%. In some European countries levels are as low as 0.05%. A blood alcohol concentration of 0.10% in a 68-kg (150-lb) person is the equivalent of about four drinks of 80 proof alcohoHc beverage or four 340-g (12-oz) beers in the body at the time of the test (see Beer Beverage spirits, distilled Wine). Ethanol is metabolized at the equivalent rate of about one drink per hour. 

One significant development in recent years has been the widespread treatment of clothing fabrics to give a measure of water and stain resistance. Mention may also be made of the expression Teflon-coated (Teflon is the DuPont trade name for PTFE) to describe a person, usually a politician, to whom no dirt (i.e. scandal) sticks, a reflection of the non-stick characteristics of the polymer ... 

Airborne particulates include dust, fume and aerosols. Many such particles are invisible to the naked eye under normal lighting but are rendered visible, by reflection, when illuminated with a strong beam of light. This is the Tyndall effect and use of a dust lamp provides a simple technique for the rapid assessment of whether a dust is present, its flow pattern, leak sources, the effects of ventilation, etc. More sophisticated approaches are needed for quantitative data. Whether personal, spot or static sampling is adopted will depend upon the nature of the information required. 

Site conditions and work activities change constantly. Change, and what effects change have on health and safety, should be included in every health and safety plan. If not, the plan needs to be amended to reflect current site conditions. Individuals names for key on-site positions should be listed in each safety plan. If the personnel change, the plan should be amended. But prior to the amendment, a review of the replacement persons training and qualifications should take place to ensure that qualified persons are chosen. 

While occupational hygiene measurements always measure only the concentrations of chemical compounds present in the occupational environment, i.e., the potential dose, the analysis of biological specimens predominantly reflects the body burden. Furthermore, biological monitoring is always limited to assessment of individual exposure. Personal occupational hygiene sampling takes into consideration only some of the individual factors, e.g., working... 

Care in designing and conducting the test in no way reduces the need for discrimination on the part of the person using the test data in the selection of a coating for a particular purpose. Test environments must reflect the deteriorating influences of the service for which they are applicable. A coating system cannot reliably be selected for service in a chemical plant on the basis of performance determined in a rural atmosphere. 

The person whose name is most closely associated with the periodic table is Dmitri Mendeleev (1836-1907), a Russian chemist. In writing a textbook of general chemistry, Mendeleev devoted separate chapters to families of elements with similar properties, including the alkali metals, the alkaline earth metals, and the halogens. Reflecting on the properties of these and other elements, he proposed in 1869 a primitive version of today s periodic table. Mendeleev shrewdly left empty spaces in his table for new elements yet to be discovered. Indeed, he predicted detailed properties for three such elements (scandium, gallium, and germanium). By 1886 all of these elements had been discovered and found to have properties very similar to those he had predicted. 

The first hormonal signal found to comply with the characteristics of both a satiety and an adiposity signal was insulin [1]. Insulin levels reflect substrate (carbohydrate) intake and stores, as they rise with blood glucose levels and fall with starvation. In addition, they may reflect the size of adipose stores, because a fatter person secretes more insulin than a lean individual in response to a given increase of blood glucose. This increased insulin secretion in obesity can be explained by the reduced insulin sensitivity of liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. Insulin is known to enter the brain, and direct administration of insulin to the brain reduces food intake. The adipostatic role of insulin is supported by the observation that mutant mice lacking the neuronal insulin receptor (NDRKO mice) develop obesity. 

An X-ray powder photograph taken with a focusing camera and X rays monochromatized by crystal reflection would probably show more than 100 powder lines, providing a more rigorous text of the proposed structure. Accurate values of predicted intensities of the lines will become available only after coordinates have been assigned to all of the atoms, a formidable task with such a complicated structure. This task is now being attempted (S. Samson, personal communication). 

The objective is not for mentors to impress their knowledge on mentees and to expect them to store it imquestioningly the aim is to provide opportunities for mentees to reflect on their mentor s input, assembling and assimilating it as is personally relevant. 

Parallel processing analysing what the other person is saying, reflecting on it, preparing responses. 

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