Recovery of Carbon Dioxide

It shotild be observed that COj is heavier than air, so it spreads along the ground and is collected in ditches, cellars, cavities etc. 

Dry ice exists at a temperature of -78.5 °C. When handling liquid CO2 and dry ice the wearing of personal protection equipment (protective goggles and gloves) is mandatory. 

most of the carbon dioxide coming on to the market as industrial gas is recovered from CO2 sources which already exist. A CO2 source is understood to be gases and off-gases with a significant CO2 content. About 70% of the COj on the European market is actually recovered from synthesis gas plants (see also Section 5.2.3). Only a small part of the CO2 is generated by the combustion of fossil fuels, preferably natural gas. This usually occurs in smaller units (capacity 2 t h ), which are so far away from a suitable CO2 source that the transport to the consumer is economically not feasible. 

Apart from brewery plants, today the predominant part of CO2 is produced in plants with a capacity of 1 to 25 t h This usually requires the process steps shown in Fig. 6.2. 

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Kikkinides, E.S. Yang, R.T. Cho, S.H. (1993). Concentration and recovery of carbon dioxide from flue gas by pressure swing adsorption. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 32 (11), 2714-2720. 

The possibility now arises that if, in fact, there is an intermediate involved in the conversion of malic acid to lactic acid, the cell may, in some way, be capable of deriving energy from it. In 1950, Korkes et ah (14), working with the malo-lactic system of Lactobacillus plantarum, demonstrated the production of a very small amount of pyruvic acid (0.2% ) from malic acid. However, 98% of the malic acid was recovered in lactic acid, and the recovery of carbon dioxide was consistent with conversion of 90% of the malic acid. The pyruvic acid recovery was attributed to spillage from the enzyme surface. We will see below that a small amount of pyruvic acid and NADH are indeed produced during... 

CA blend membranes for gas separation are commercially available from Envlrogenlcs Systems Co. (El Monte, CA), Separex Corp. (Anaheim, CA) and Grace Membrane Systems (Houston, TX), and are applied In spiral-wound modules for the separations of acidic gaseous components from natural gas, for the recovery of carbon dioxide In enhanced oil recovery processes for gas dehydration or the separation of hydrogen from carbon monoxide (21-23). 

Natural gas has a high hydrogen-to-carbon content and is plentiful worldwide. It can be brought to market in four different ways—pipelines, liquefied natural gas, conversion to electricity, or conversion to liquid products that can be pipelined. It is also possible to envision in the near future a natural gas refinery for which natural gas will serve as the principal feedstock. This type of facility would provide an effective means to use natural gas to produce electricity and liquid fuels while also allowing for the recovery of carbon dioxide on site that then could be sequestered. 

Weytjens D, Van Ginneken I, Painter HA (1994) The recovery of carbon dioxide in the sturm test for ready bio degradability. Chemosphere 28 801-812... 

K. C. Youn, G, C. Blytas, and H. H. Wall, Role of Membrane Technology in the Recovery of Carbon Dioxide Economics and Future Prospects, paper pres an ted at Gas Processors Association Regional Meeting, Houston, TX, Nov, 1983. 

AbSOrbBr. A column with 11 stages operates at 1 atm pressure at the top. A tray pressure drop of 0.2 psi is specified in order to satisfy the requirement that the specified pressure drop is greater than the pressme drop calculate from the hydraulics when exporting to Aspen Dynamics. The design feed gas is 13,100 kmol/h and is compressed to 1.136 atm and fed at the bottom of the absorber. The specified recovery of carbon dioxide is 90%, which corresponds to an absorber exit gas composition of 1.3 mol% CO2. 

To check whether complete oxidation was achieved or not we used carbazole-l-l C-acetate and 2-naphthol-l-l C-acetate as standard. The recovery of carbon dioxide in these cases were found to be 98+2%. 

Other separation processes include purification of methane as well as the recovery of carbon dioxide in oil fields [15,23]. Besides that they are useful in the removal of acid gases from rratural gas because they can operate in severe environments [15]. 

Still, the high selectivity promised by these membranes continues to encourage research. The targets are those where other types of membrane separations have been found to be limiting. Among commodity chemicals, these include the separation of air and of olefins and alkanes. The recovery of carbon dioxide from flue gas will receive... 

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