Recent advances in the chemistry of, and related compounds

Bcnzo[/)]furan and derivatives, recent advances in chemistry of, Part 1, occurrence and synthesis, 18, 337 Benzo[c]furans, 26, 135 recent advances in the chemistry of, and related compounds, 73, 1 Benzofuroxans, 10, 1 29, 251 2//-l-Benzopyrans (chrom-3-enes), 18, 159 Bcnzofc] pyrylium salts syntheses, reactions, and physical properties, 50, 157 1,2-and 2,1-Benzothiazines and related compounds, 28, 73... 

Recent advances in the chemistry of benzo[c]furans and related compounds 99AHC(73)1. 

For recent symposiums on zirconocene chemistry, see E. Negishi, Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Zirconocene and Related Compounds, Tetrahedron Symposia-in-print No. 57, Tetrahedron 1995, 51 (special issue). R. F. Jordan Metallocene and Single Site Olefin Catalysis, f. Md. Catal. 1998, 128 (special issue) and references cited therein. R. F. Jordan, A. S. Guram, in Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry II, E. W. Abel, F. G. A. Stone, G. Wilkinson, M. F. Lappeet (eds.), Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1995, Vol. 4, p. 589. 

Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Benzo[c]furans and Related Compounds... 

There are general reviews on heterocyclic syntheses by cycloaddition reactions of isocyanates and on the use of heterocyclic cations in preparative organic chemistry. More specific topics are 5-hydroxymethylfuran-2-carb-aldehyde, isobenzofurans and related ort/io-quinonoid systems, the conversion of 2//-cyclohepta[Zj] furan-2-one (1) into derivatives of azulene, the synthesis of indoles from o-alkylphenyl isocyanides, and abnormal Fischer indolization reactions of o-methoxyphenylhydrazones. Two reviews on isoindoles have appeared and a lecture on highly conducting charge-transfer complexes that are based on heterocyclic selenium and tellurium donors has been reprinted.Recent advances in the chemistry of imidazole and in the use of nitro-imidazoles as radiosensitizers have been summarized. There have been reviews on benzimidazole A -oxides and on dihydrobenzimidazoles, benzimidazolones, benzimidazolethiones, and related compounds. Other topics are synthetic applications of 1,3-dithiolium and 1,3-oxathiolium salts and of isoxazoles, the chemistry of benzisoxazoles, 2-amino-oxazoles, 5-oxazolones (2), furoxans, benzofuroxans, and related systems, the synthesis of five-membered meso-ionic compounds, and tetrazoles. ... 

Topics which have formed the subjects of reviews this year include excited state chemistry within zeolites, photoredox reactions in organic synthesis, selectivity control in one-electron reduction, the photochemistry of fullerenes, photochemical P-450 oxygenation of cyclohexene with water sensitized by dihydroxy-coordinated (tetraphenylporphyrinato)antimony(V) hexafluorophosphate, bio-mimetic radical polycyclisations of isoprenoid polyalkenes initiated by photo-induced electron transfer, photoinduced electron transfer involving C o/CjoJ comparisons between the photoinduced electron transfer reactions of 50 and aromatic carbonyl compounds, recent advances in the chemistry of pyrrolidino-fullerenes, ° photoinduced electron transfer in donor-linked fullerenes," supra-molecular model systems,and within dendrimer architecture,photoinduced electron transfer reactions of homoquinones, amines, and azo compounds, photoinduced reactions of five-membered monoheterocyclic compounds of the indigo group, photochemical and polymerisation reactions in solid Qo, photo- and redox-active [2]rotaxanes and [2]catenanes, ° reactions of sulfides and sulfenic acid derivatives with 02( Ag), photoprocesses of sulfoxides and related compounds, semiconductor photocatalysts,chemical fixation and photoreduction of carbon dioxide by metal phthalocyanines, and multiporphyrins as photosynthetic models. 

Since several excellent reviews on the chemistry of multiple bonds to silicon [see the chapter written by G. Raabe and J. Michl in a previous volume of this series (1989) ] and also the reviews in Advances in Organometallic Chemistry, Vol. 39 (1995) (e.g. The Chemistry of Silenes by A. G. Brook and M. A. Brook , IminosUanes and Related Compounds—Synthesis and Reactions by I. Hemme and U. Klingebiel, Silicon-Phosphorus and Silicon-Arsenic Multiple Bonds by M. Driess and Chemistry of Stable Disilenes by R. Okazaki and R. West ) have appeared in recent years and as some parts of this chapter will be discussed in detail in related chapters of this book (e.g. Silenes and Iminosilanes by N. Auner and coworkers and Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Disilenes by H. Sakurai ), we will concentrate our attention in this chapter on the chemistry of silicon-chalcogen doubly-bonded compounds. 

This chapter will summarize the recent advances in hydrosilylation and related reactions catalyzed by transition metal complexes since this subject was reviewed in The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds in 1989 that covered the advances till the end of 19863. 

J. (1998) Recent advances in the hydrosilylation and related reactions, in The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds, vol. 2 (eds Z. Rappoport and Y. Apeloig), John Wiley Sons, Inc.,... 

I, 1-dioxides, and thiophene 1-oxides, in Science of synthesis, knowledge updates 2011/2 (A. Fuerstner, Ed.). Thieme Chemistry, Stuttgart, Germany, 2011, Vol. 9, pp. 371-444. (d) E. R. Biehl, Top. Heterocycl. Chem. 2012,29,347-380. Recent advances in the synthesis of thiophenes and benzothiophenes. (e)A.El-Mekabaty,5y fA Commun. 2014,44,1-31. Chemistry of 2-amino-3-carbethoxythiophene and related compounds. 

Advantages of SPME to traditional extraction methods should promote advances in the field of herbicide chemistry. However, SPME has some limitations, such as analyte carryover, fiber damage at extreme pH, salt-related problems, and low sensitivity in some complex soil samples. Advancements are being made in the refinement of the SPME technique. The HPLC/SPME interface has then been improved, and new mixed phases based on solid/liquid sorption (e.g., CW-DVB and PDMS-DVB) have been developed in recent years for the analysis of compounds by HPLC. A modified accessory to the HPLC system, called in-tube SPME, was developed. This device aspirates and dispenses samples from vials with the syringe in the inject position and then desorbs with aspirated solvent in the load position. Returning the valve to the inject mode will transfer analytes to the analytical column. ... 

Proton transfer reactions play very important role in chemistry and biochemistry [1-3]. Considerable attention has been focused on the gas phase reactions in the last decades, since they are free of the solvent pollution thus being related to the intrinsic reactivity [4 6]. In particular, investigations of gas-phase acidities and basicities were some of the major undertakings in the field [7,8]. The proton affinity (PA), on the other hand is an interesting thermodynamic property by itself. It gives useful information on the electronic structure of base in question and serves as an indicator of the electrophilic substitution susceptibility of aromatic compounds [9]. It is the aim of this article to describe some recent advances in theoretical calculations of the proton affinities of substituted aromatics. We shall particularly dwell in more detail on the additivity rules, which enable simple and quick estimates of PAs in heavily substituted benzenes and naphthalenes. Some prospects for future developements will be briefly discussed too. 

---