Reasoning definition

Equation (3-307) also leads to a very important physical interpretation of the function Sx(f) namely, that Sx(f) describes the way in which the total power of X(t) is distributed in frequency. This comes about if we accept the physically reasonable definition that the power in X(t) contained in the frequency band /x < / < f2 is equal to the total power output of the ideal band-pass filter H(f) shown in Fig. 3-11, when X(t) is the input. Equation (3-307) now yields the result,... 

Problem 8-13. This analogy between inner products of functions and of vectors can be pursued further. Suggest reasonable definitions for (a) the norm of a function, /, (b) a normalized function, and (c) the cosine of the angle between two functions. 

It now seems reasonably definite that an entity such as the hydrated electron exists. Further, the rate constants of reaction of e aq with a large number of species have now been measured using the technique of pulse radiolysis. This paper describes some of the properties of e aq and discusses the rate constants of reaction of e aq with the other species produced in the pulse radiolysis of water. These rate constants are significant for any diffusion theory model of the radiolysis of water. 

The words "contribute significantly" and "for purposes of registration were key, and represented an important change in the definition vis-a-vis what was proposed by EPA. It was felt that the inclusion of these words would be a more reasonable definition because it reduced the scope of raw data retention to the very type which was needed for validation and which could be reasonably expected to be retained. 

To interpret the problem under discussion concerning slow relaxations in chemistry, it was necessary to clarify what must be regarded as slow relaxations of dynamic systems (i.e. to introduce some reasonable definition). In addition, it was necessary to find connections of slow relaxations with bifurcations and other dynamic peculiarities. This has been done by Gorban et al. [13-19]. 

A more reasonable definition of the efficiency is, however, the comparison of the exergy change of the water and the exergy transferred from the working medium, in our case ammonia. This efficiency is defined as... 

V Conditions so unfavorable for life by any reasonable definition that its origin or persistence cannot be rated a realistic probability Sun, Moon... 

Dewar proposed the first reasonable definition of ASE. He defined the reference energy as... 

The spatial integrations of Eq. (2.29), involving the coordinates of each atom, cover the volume V of the container. A reasonable definition of b Pi ) would require bound atoms to be within a molecular length of each other, and should not depend on the location of a center, such as the center of mass, of the molecule within the volume. Then will be independent of V asymptotically for large V. Similarly Xa° (. S") will be independent of V for large V. The factors of A, in Eq. (2.29) is purely for notational convenience, and disappears in formulae such as Eq. (3.4), p. 33. = 1 for an atomic case. 

The system of intraglobular residue-residue contacts of a protein of N residues may be represented as an N x N matrix of the carbon-alphas, whose elements are ones (contact) or zeros (lack of contact). Any reasonable definition of contact provides ones in the positions (i, i + l)that correspond to a peptide bond between two adjacent residues in the sequence. The same is true for the residues corresponding to the pair of cysteines forming a disulfide bond (these data may not be available as input and may be used as a test of correct prediction). This set of contacts describes the sequential covalent topology and is a constant part of the contact matrix which does not depend on the spatial structure of the polypeptide chain however, any additional information on existing intraglobular contacts (e.g., from NMR data or disulfide linkage) can easily be introduced in the constant part of the contact matrix A ... 

For ordinary flexible synthetic polymers, a reasonable definition for the contour length L is the maximum length to which the chain can be extended, say, in an aligned crystalhne state. Since the bonds of the chain are not coUinear, even when the chain is fully extended, L is somewhat less than n for tetrahedral (109°) bonding angles, one has... 

In aqueous solution, the M(NH3)5(OH2)" ions permit a reasonable definition of inertness for the metal-ion complexes in terms of water-exchange rates. Although not directly analogous to the extensive data for Maq" systems in general (125), which permit a now classic assignment of lability or inertness, the results provide a sufficient comparison. 

A reasonable definition of a pollutant is a substance present in greater than normal concentration as a result of human activity and having a detrimental effect upon its environment or upon something of value in that environment. Contaminants, which are not classified as pollutants unless they have some detrimental effect, cause deviations from the normal composition of an environment. 

The dynamical proposal can be expressed in terms of several alternative definitions. Yet, in order to exhibit dynamical contribution to catalysis, any definition must find a different magnitude of dynamical contributions to the rate constant in the enzyme and in water. All the reasonable definitions result with very small dynamical contributions.40 Rigorously speaking, it is agreed in the chemical physics community (see references in Ref. 4) that all the dynamical effects are contained in the transmission factor, that corrects the absolute rate theory for re-crossing of the reactive trajectories (see Ref. 40 for a clear definition). All reported simulation studies (e.g., Refs. 4,103) found that the transmission factors are similar in enzymes and in solution, and do not differ much from unity in the enzyme (e.g., Refs. 4,125). 

The first problem encountered when studying literature on method validation are the different sets of terminology employed by different authors. A detailed discussion of this problem can be found in the review of Hartmann et al. [9], Therein, it was proposed to adhere, in principle, to the terminology established by the ICH [13], except for accuracy, for which the use of a more detailed definition was recommended (cf. Accuracy). However, the ICH terminology lacked a definition for stability, which is an important parameter in bioanalytical method validation. Furthermore, the ICH definition of selectivity did not take into account interferences that might occur in bioanalysis (e.g. from metabolites). For both parameters, however, reasonable definitions were provided by Conference Report II [10]. 

Thus the difference in electronegativity drives the process, and the sum of the hardness parameters acts as a resistance. Equation (2.16) is a chemical form of Ohm s Law. It shows hat electrons will flow from the system of low EN to that of high EN, as expected. It also shows that Equation (2.12) is a reasonable definition of hardness, since the common meaning of hardness is resistance to deformation or change. 

To understand diarrhea, one mnst have a reasonable definition of the condition unfortunately, the Literature is extremely variable on this. Simply put, diarrhea is an increased freqnency and decreased consistency of fecal discharge as compared to an individnal s normal bowel pattern. Frequency and consistency are variable within and between individuals. For example, some individuals defecate as often as three times per day, whereas others defecate only two or three times per week. A Western diet usually produces a daily stool weighing between 100 and 300 g, depending on the amount of nonabsorbable materials (mainly carbohydrates) consumed. Patients with serious diarrhea may have a daily stool weight in excess of 300 g however, a... 

British opinion then was generally against the German use of chemicals, but accepted that as such weapons had been used and were seen to be effective, Britain would have no option but to reply in kind. The use of gas by British forces was at first represented as a reprisal against the German use of gas. However, gas use soon escalated and British use far passed any reasonable definition of a reprisal. By the close of WWI, chemical warfare seemed to have been accepted as a regrettable fact of military life, and the existence of customary law against its use would have been difficult to demonstrate. 

Ref. [4], the corresponding rate constants do not show significant dynamical effects. Furthermore, attempts to define dynamical catalytic effect in a different way and to include in such factor nonequilibrium solvation effects [100] have been shown to be very problematic (e.g. Ref. [4]). Similarly, we have shown that the reasonable definition of dynamical effects by the existence of special vibrations that lead coherently to the TS does correspond to the actual simulation in enzyme and solution. 

However, this definition cannot be applied to the continuous model and it must be understood that a reasonable definition of the monomer concentration depends essentially on the model under consideration. 

A reasonable definition of the capture collision cross section is... 

This intuitively reasonable definition, like the provisional ones we made for the tangent cone and tangent space, is not really intrinsic. 

---