Reactive hazards unstable

Hazardous chemical reactivity Any chemical reaction with the potential to exhibit an increase in temperature and/or pressure too high to be absorbed by the environment surrounding the system. These include both reactive and unstable materials. 

Low-inventory distillation equipment, such as the thin film evaporator, are also available and should be considered for hazardous materials. This equipment offers the additional advantage of short residence time and is particularly useful for reactive or unstable materials. 

Reactive hazards, 44, 228 explosive, 235 mixtures, 231, 468 pyrophoric, 17, 214 thermal runaway, 252 unstable, 228 water-sensitive, 228... 

All reactive hazards involve the release of energy in quantities or at rates too high to be absorbed by the immediate environment of the reacting system, and material damage results. The source of the energy may be an exothermic multi-component reaction, or the exothermic decomposition of a single unstable (often endothermic) compound. 

Shutting down a process, either for an indefinite period of time or permanently, can introduce chemical reactivity hazard management considerations. For example, one facility wanted to dismantle some equipment for a process for which an ether was a feedstock. A review of facility records did not conclusively reveal whether the equipment had been thoroughly decontaminated after the process was shut down years before. This left open the possibility that the equipment might contain explosive peroxides that could have formed over time by peroxidation of the ether. In another example, an unstable byproduct exploded when piping removed from a process unit was being cut into smaller pieces for disposal. 

The answers to Questions 7 through 11 will likely determine whether chemical reactivity hazards are present. For example, a jar of liquid ether that is a peroxide former may be brought to the facility for incineration. If it had been stored a long time and the contents had been exposed to air, unstable peroxides may be present that could explode when handled or fed to the incinerator. The information in Section 3.3 may be helpful in identifying whether any reactive chemicals are present. 

The 1986 UK Symposium covered hazards from pressure effects originating in various ways from exothermic runaway reactions and unstable substances, and the measures necessary to mitigate these effects. Some of the reactive hazards involved may be found under the entries ... 

Reactivity. A material is considered to be a reactive hazardous waste if it is normally unstable, reacts violently with water, generates toxic gases when exposed to water or corrosive materials, or if it is capable of detonation or explosion when exposed to heat or a flame (40 CFR 261.23). Materials that are defined as forbidden explosives or class A or B explosives by the Department of Transportation are also considered reactive hazardous waste. 

This Chapter details oxidizing solids, which are typically reactive with other materials. At the end of this chapter reactive chemical substances (oxidizing, spontaneously combustible, water-hazardous, unstable, explosive substances) are classified caccording to Bretherick. For the hazardous materials 1 11 under the revised Fire Protection Law, reference should be made to Jiromaru s commentary "1. ... 

Reactivity Hazard 4 May Detonate 3 Shock and Heat May Detonate 2 Violent Chemical Change 1 Unstable if Heated 0 Stable ... 

Reactive and Unstable Laboratory Chemicals Discusses the hazards of unstable chemicals that are encountered in research and other laboratories. 

When handling a chemical that is reactive and may be unstable, it is imperative that you evaluate any reported adverse events from this compound or its structural relatives. We highly recommend that you learn to effectively use one particular outstanding reference—Bref/tencfc 5 Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards—it is in its 7th edition at the time of the writing of this book. In this two-volume set, individual compounds are listed by their molecular formula with references to hazardous properties and reported incident. The second volume identifies reactive classes of chemicals. It is a valuable tool for researchers and chemists who use reactive or unstable chemicals. 

Reactive hazardous wastes have the tendency to become chemically unstable during normal conditions, or to react violently when exposed to air or mixed with water, or to generate toxic gases. Examples include some compounds of phosphor, pure sodium, and sulphuric acid in storage batteries. Although these are unlikely to be produced by the construction process, they can be found during demolition. 

Reactivity, Reactive hazardous waste includes chemicals that are unstable, readily undergo a violent change, react violently with water, or are capable of detonation or an explosive reaction if subjected to a strong initiating source. A cyanide or sulfide bearing waste is also considered reactive, as are other wastes that have the potential to generates toxic gases, vapors, or fumes. 

Chemical Reactivity - Reactivity with Water. Decomposes slowly but the reaction is not hazardous Reactivity with Common Materials Corrodes metals slowly. If mixed with combustible materials or finely divided metals, mixture can spontaneously ignite or become unstable by friction Stability During Transport Sable Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics Not pertinent Polymerization Not pertinent Inhibitor of Polymerization Not pertinent. 

Chemical Reactivity - Reactivity with Water Dissolves with a moderate reaction Reactivity with Common Materials None Stability During Transport May become unstable and subject to explosion if stored for extended periods of time or is exposed to high temperatures and pressures Neutralizing Agerus for Acids and Caustics The weak acidity can be neutralized by slaked lime, however this does not destroy the hazardous properties of the material Polymerization Not pertinent Inhibitor of Polymerization Not pertinent. 

---