Reaction with nitrogen atoms

As the flow of NO2 increases, the blue glow fades to a dark end point corresponding to complete consumption of N and N02 . The main condensible product in the reaction between NO2 and active nitrogen is N2O and at the end point the yield of N2O per N atom consumed is approximately 26 There is general agreement that the reactions 

In the work of Phillips and Schiff low NO2/N ratios were used to minimise side reactions such as 

In addition, the overall rate coefficient ki +ks5+ks +ks ) was calculated as (1.18 0.13)x 10 l.mole. sec at room temperature. An earlier estimate based on the size of the reaction flame gave values of the overall constant of 4.8-5.3X 10 l.mole. sec.  

Thomas and Woodman showed that addition of CI2 to a mixture of CO N02 increased the rate of production of CO2. This effect they attributed to the reaction 

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We conclude our discussion of nitric oxide reactions with nitrogen atoms with the report by Gatz, Smith, and Wise157 of the ionizing reaction... 

Gasification by hydrogen atoms proceeds with an activation energy of about 40kJmol". The activation energy for reaction with nitrogen atoms is higher, at about 75 kJ mol . ... 

Citra, A., Andrews, L., 1999, Reactions of Laser Ablated Rhodium Atoms With Nitrogen Atoms and Molecules. Infrared Spectra and Density Functional Calculations on Rhodium Nitrides and Dinitrogen Complexes , J. Phys. Chem. A, 103, 3410. 

The reaction of CBr4 with potassium is reported to generate free C atoms and the rate constants for reaction with methane, ethylene, and benzene have been reported. The reaction of nitrogen atoms with CN radicals has also been used as a C atom source. Carbon atoms have also been produced by passing organics through a microwave discharge. ... 

Indeed, this happens every moment in the Earth s atmosphere. The upper atmosphere is bombarded with cosmic rays fast-moving subatomic particles produced by extremely energetic astrophysical processes such as nuclear fusion in the sun. When cosmic rays hit molecules in the atmosphere, they induce nuclear reactions that spit out neutrons. Some of these neutrons react with nitrogen atoms in air, converting them into a radioactive isotope of carbon carbon-14 or radiocarbon , with eight neutrons in each nucleus. This carbon reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide. About one in every million million carbon atoms in atmospheric carbon dioxide is C. 

The reaction of alkylox xiranee with aqueous acid takes quite a different course. In this case the oxygen-nitrogen bond of the proto Dated oxaxirane is eleaved via a concerted reaction with concurrent migration of one of the groups cm the -carbon atom of the A-nlkyl substituent. In the transition state for this reaction the nitrogen atom... 

The thermal hydrogenolysis of quinoline at elevated temperature (773-1173 K) and pressure (20-30 bar) has been recently studied and shown to be an efficient method for degrading this compound <2004EJ03011>. The nitrogen atoms are converted to HCN and NH3 and both the benzene and pyridine rings are decomposed via the formation of radicals induced by reaction with hydrogen atoms. 

There is no doubt that in these. reactions the nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring is complexed with either the lithium alkyl or aryl or with the lithium bromide which is usually present in many preparations of organolithium compounds. It has been established that, either in the presence of an excess of lithium bromide or in the total absence of this salt, phenyllithium still gives the same ortho .para ratio on reaction with 3-picoline.229 To account for the predominant formation of the 2,3-isomer in the reaction of CH3Li with 3-alkylpyridines, it was suggested261 that the transition states for these reactions were similar... 

The following table shows a comparison of polyamines formed from hydrocarbons, alcohols, and bases by reaction with nitrogen through the influence of the discharge. The formula of the reaction products are not rational ones, but merely arranged in such a way that the quantities of the separate elements in the molecule always refer to four nitrogen atoms. This is done to express, in a comparable maimer, the atomic relations between the elements in the polyamines. 

The CN radical can be produced by the reaction of nitrogen atoms with almost any organic compound, a process which has been extensively studied by electronic emission specttoscopy. The electronic sttucture of CN in its ground state and two relevant excited states may be written in the following simple molecular orbital form. 

Reaction won t occur if the oxygen end of the NO molecule collides with the chlorine atom on C1N02 Orientation 2. Nor will it occur if one of the oxygen atom on C1N02 collides with nitrogen atom on NO (Orientation 3). 

The reaction of nitrogen atoms with NO2 was shown to give rise to NO, O2 and N2O but no rate coefficients were determined. The rate coefficient for (1) now appears to be about 2x 10 l.mole . sec. This reaction is frequently used to estimate N atom concentrations. 

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