Radioactive packages, receiving

What are the regulatory requirements for receiving and monitoring the radioactive packages ... 

The receiver of packages of radioactive materials must be prepared to receive them when delivered, or pick them up at the carriefs location at the time of arrival or promptly upon notificationofthearrivalofthe material. Most packages are probably deliveredto the purchaser s... 

AR547 7.3 Procedures for picking up and receiving packages of radioactive material, ML003739403,... 

To receive relief from the Type C package requirements, low dispersible radioactive material (LDM) must meet the same performance criteria for impact and fire resistance as a Type C package without producing significant quantities of dispersible material. 

You should recognize a scene with potential radioactive contamination. This will include all explosions of unknown origin, bombings, unknown substances, particularly those received by mail or package, or other suspicious circumstances with an unknown substance. 

The TWTF will receive waste contaminated with transuranic nuclides (TRU waste) presently stored at the INEL Radioactive Waste Management Complex. Waste packages are opened and their contents are sorted, placed into charging containers, and charged into an incinerator. Combustibles will be burned and noncombustibles converted to a chemically inot, basalt-bke substance. This substance is cast into ingots and shipped to a federal waste repository. Because of the wide variety of shapes, sizes, and compositions of the waste, heavy reliance is placed on flssile material mass limits in the various process areas. The individual areas interact in the sense that an overload or accumulation of fissile material in one area may be propagated to the next area in the process chain. 

The product, preferably in the final container, and packaged in dedicated packaging material that withstands radiation and finally packed in for example a closed carton box, is moved around the radiation source in such a way that the content is irradiated homogeneously and receives at the end of the sterilisation a total dose of at least 25 kGy. In practice the products move on a conveyor belt alongside the radioactive source. The dose depends on the intensity of the source,... 

Individuals such as those who classify radioactive material, pack radioactive material, mark and label radioactive material, prepare transport documents for radioactive material, offer or accept radioactive material for transport carry or handle radioactive material in transport mark or placard or load or unload packages of radioactive material into or from transport vehicles, bulk packagings or freight containers, or are otherwise directly involved in the transport of radioactive material as determined by the competent authority, shall receive the following training ... 

A radionuclide refers to any type of radioactive material including elements and isotopes of elements. Most radioactive materials used in nuclear medicine consist of isotopes since individual medical treatment may require an isotope with specific radioactive properties. Radioisotopes show how the disease process alters the normal function of an organ. A patient swallows, inhales, or receives an injection of a tiny amount of a radioisotope. Cameras then reveal where the isotope accumulates in the body. Laboratory tests use radioisotopes to measure important substances in the body including thyroid hormones. Some facilities use isotopes to sterilize hospital itans such as sutures, syringes, catheters, and hospital clothing otherwise destroyed by heat sterilization. Sterilization using radioisotopes can prove valuable because the process permits the itans to ranain in their sealed packages. NRC rules outline minimum safety requiranents for workers and patients. 

Shipping of radioactive materials requires more than a knowledge of the proper packaging methods and labels U.S. federal law and the laws of other countries require that the shipper ascertain that the recipient is licensed to receive the material. Most institutions therefore require that all radioactive shipments be processed by the institution s radiation safety officer to ensure that proper procedures are followed. The shipping rules are covered in 49 CFR Parts 172-173 and 10 CFR Part 71 (which is substantially similar to the 49 CFR requirements). 

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