Quinine Phenobarbital

Proceeding along a parallel track, Guillory and coworkers used DTA analysis to study complexation phenomena [2]. Through the performance of carefully designed studies, they were able to prove the existence of association complexes and deduced the stoichiometries of these. In this particular work, phase diagrams were developed for 2 1 deoxycholic acid-menadione, 1 1 quinine-phenobarbital, 2 1 theophylline-phenobarbital, 1 1 caffeine-phenobar-bital, and 1 1 atropine-phenobarbital. The method was also used to prove that no complexes were formed between phenobarbital and aspirin, phenacetin, diphenylhydantoin, and acetaminophen. 

Fig. 6 Quinine-phenobarbital system, showing molecular compound formation. (Reproduced from copyright...

When two substances form a molecular compound, it usually gives rise to a maximum in the phase diagram. An example of this is the quinine-phenobarbital sys-tem shown in Fig. 6. It is difficult to generalize the influence of complex formation on dissolution. A complex between digoxin and hydroquinone exhibited a high dissolution rate, whereas the insoluble complex... 

Although some efficacious drugs have been known for centuries, such as the antimalarial quinine first used in 1639, most important discoveries are of more recent origin. Smallpox vaccine was discovered around 1800, morphine in 1820, aspirin in 1894, and phenobarbital in 1912. But the discovery of the antibacterial activity of sulfur drugs in 1932 and penicillin in 1940 started the golden era of rapid expansion and discovery in the industry. Nearly all important drugs today have been discovered since 1940, some very recently. 

Phenobarbital and other barbiturates1 Barbiturates, chloramphenicol, chlorpromazine, cortisol, coumarin anticoagulants, desmethylimipramine, digitoxin, doxorubicin, estradiol, phenylbutazone, phenytoin, quinine, testosterone... 

Amphetamine, methamphetamine, procaine, cocaine, quinine, heroin, noscapine, phenobarbital, methaqua-lone, diazepam, testosterone, testosterone propionate, cannabinol, delta-9-THC, delta-9-THC acid-A... 

Quinine Carbamazepine Phenobarbital Enhanced effect of the object drugs Inhibition of metabolism of the object drugs... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with allopurinol, amiodarone, amobarbital, anabolic steroids, anti-thyroid agents, aprobarbital, aspirin, barbiturates, bivalirudin, butabarbital, butalbital, cimetidine, clofibrate, clopidogrel, cyclosporine, delavirdine, disulfiram, fenofibrate, fluconazole, gemfibrozil, glutethimide, imatinib, itraconazole, ketoconazole, levothyroxine, liothyronine, mephobarbital, methimazole, metronidazole, miconazole, penicillins, pentobarbital, phenobarbital, phenylbutazones, piperacillin, prednisone, primidone, propylthiouracil, quinidine, quinine, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, rofecoxib, salicylates, secobarbital, sulfinpyrazone, sulfonamides, testosterone, thyroid, zileuton... 

Aconitine,opium-, tropane alkaloids, strychnine,quinine, caffeine, emetine,cephael ine Sulfanilamide phenytoine, phenobarbital Identification in pharmaceuticals (Fig. 7. 14) Partisil PXS 5/25 250x4.6 Et-0 sat. with 50-100% H,0 + 0.05-0. DEA z 00 ro... 

Amitriptyline, barbiturates, chlorproguanil, citalopram, clomipramine, clozapine, cyclophosphamide, diazepam, hexobarbital, imipramine, pentamidine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, propranolol, quinine, (S)- and (Jf)-warfarin, zidovudine... 

French) (109-60-4) see propyl acetate. ACETATE SALICYCLIC ACID (50-78-2) C9Hj04 Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 482°F/250°C). Reacts wit strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases. Contact with alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with acetanilide, acetaminophen, some alcohols, aliphatic amines alkanolamines, alkylene oxides amidopyrine, amines, ammonia, caustics, epichlorohydrin, hexamine, iron salts isocyanates, phenozone, phenobarbital sodium potassium iodide quinine salts sodium iodide stearates. Slowly hydrolyzes in moist air. On small fires, use AFFF,... 

Lurie, I.S. McGuiness, K. The quantitation of heroin and selected basic impur-ties via reversed phase HPLC. II. The analysis of adulterated samples. J.Liq.Chromatogr., 1987, 10, 2189—2204 [also impurities, acetaminophen, acetylcodeine, acetylmorphine, acetylprocaine, aminopyrene, amitriptyline, antipyrene, aspirin, barbital, benztropine, caffeine, cocaine, codeine, diamorphine, diazepam, diphenhydramine, dipyrone, ephedrine, ethylmorphine, lidocaine, meconin, methamphetamine, meth-ap Tilene, methaqualone, monoacetylmorphine, morphine, nalorphine, niacinamide, nicotinamide, noscapine, papaverine, phenacetin, phenmetrazine, phenobarbital, phenolphthalein, procaine, pro-panophenone, propoxyphene, P5rilamine, quinidine, quinine, salic lamide, saUsalicylic acid, secobarbital, strychnine, tetracaine, thebaine, tripelennamine, tropacocaine, vitamin B3, vitamin B5 electrochemical detection]... 

Also analyzed acebutolol, acepromazine, acetaminophen, acetazolamide, acetophenazine, albuterol, amitriptyline, amobarbital, amoxapine, antipsrrine, atenolol, atropine, azata-dine, baclofen, benzocaine, bromocriptine, brompheniramine, brotizolam, bupivacaine, buspirone, butabarbital, butalbital, caffeine, carbamazepine, cetirizine, chlorqyclizine, chlordiazepoxide, chlormezanone, chloroquine, chlorpheniramine, chlorpromazine, chlorpropamide, chlorprothixene, chlorthalidone, chlorzoxazone, cimetidine, cisapride, clomipramine, clonazepam, clonidine, clozapine, cocaine, codeine, colchicine, qyclizine, (yclo-benzaprine, dantrolene, desipramine, diazepam, diclofenac, diflunisal, diltiazem, diphenhydramine, diphenidol, dipheno late, dipyridamole, disopyramide, dobutamine, doxapram, doxepin, droperidol, encainide, ethidium bromide, ethopropazine, fenoprofen, fentanyl, flavoxate, fluoxetine, fluphenazine, flurazepam, flurbiprofen, fluvoxamine, fii-rosemide, glutethimide, glyburide, guaifenesin, haloperidol, homatropine, hydralazine, hydrochlorothiazide, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, hydro g chloroquine, hydroxyzine, ibuprofen, imipramine, indomethacin, ketoconazole, ketoprofen, ketorolac, labetalol, le-vorphanol, lidocaine, loratadine, lorazepam, lovastatin, loxapine, mazindol, mefenamic acid, meperidine, mephenytoin, mepivacaine, mesoridazine, metaproterenol, methadone, methdilazine, methocarbamol, methotrexate, methotrimeprazine, methoxamine, methyl-dopa, methylphenidate, metoclopramide, metolazone, metoprolol, metronidazole, midazolam, moclobemide, morphine, nadolol, nalbuphine, naloxone, naphazoline, naproxen, nifedipine, nizatidine, norepinephrine, nortriptyline, oxazepam, oxycodone, oxymetazo-line, paroxetine, pemoline, pentazocine, pentobarbital, pentoxifylline, perphenazine, pheniramine, phenobarbital, phenol, phenolphthalein, phentolamine, phenylbutazone, phenyltoloxamine, phenytoin, pimozide, pindolol, piroxicam, pramoxine, prazepam, prazosin, probenecid, procainamide, procaine, prochlorperazine, procyclidine, promazine, promethazine, propafenone, propantheline, propiomazine, propofol, propranolol, protriptyline, quazepam, quinidine, quinine, racemethorphan, ranitidine, remoxipride, risperidone, salicylic acid, scopolamine, secobarbital, sertraline, sotalol, spironolactone, sulfinpyrazone, sulindac, temazepam, terbutaline, terfenadine, tetracaine, theophylline, thiethyl-perazine, thiopental, thioridazine, thiothixene, timolol, tocainide, tolbutamide, tolmetin, trazodone, triamterene, triazolam, trifluoperazine, triflupromazine, trimeprazine, trimethoprim, trimipramine, verapamil, warfarin, xylometazoline, yohimbine, zopiclone... 

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