Quality-control experts

This volume provides an overview of polymer characterization test methods. The methods and instrumentation described represent modern analytical techniques useful to researchers, product development specialists, and quality control experts in polymer synthesis and manufacturing. Engineers, polymer scientists and technicians will find this volume useful in selecting approaches and techniques applicable to characterizing molecular, compositional, rheological, and thermodynamic properties of elastomers and plastics. 

Quality control experts, such as Shewhart and Deming, decades ago called attention to the importance of minimizing measurement errors in achieving quality control in manufacturing and the importance of statistical monitoring of process data. But tying these concepts to equipment calibration in a statistically rigorous way did not occur until the second half of the twentieth century. 

The authorities and responsibilities of the manufacturing expert and the quality control expert are defined in writing by the responsible director. The responsibility for quality control and manufacturing cannot be placed at the person of one expert. The responsible director and the personnel responsible for quality control and manufacturing cannot resume other job engagements except those endowed by elections at professional societies. 

Such an expert system can also be adapted for the evaluation of data in the published literature. However, this point raises a number of practical questions. A better exploitation of chromatographic data in this field would require an important effort to be made by analysts to constitute standards for quality control and interpretation... 

To make the process practical for community hospitals, this technology must be inexpensive and easily operated in the ED. Transmission of CT images to experienced radiologists for formal and final interpretation is essential for quality control and feedback. As a result, systems that permit remote decision-making by expert physicians reduce the manpower needed to provide acute stroke team coverage in ED without around-the-clock access to in-house stroke neurology. 

J. Klaessens, J. Sanders, B. Vandeginste and G. Kateman, LABGEN, expert system for knowledge based modelling of analytical laboratories. Part 2, Application to a laboratory for quality control. Anal. Chim. Acta, 222 (1989) 19-34. 

Ingamells CO, PiTARD FF (1986) Applied Geochemical Analysis, pp L-84.Wiley, New York. International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) (1978) Expert Panel on Nomenclature and Principles of Quality Control in Clinical Chemistry. Clin Chim Acta 83 L89F-202F. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (1993) Guide to the expression of uncertainty. Geneva. 

Your presentation of methods Have you described your methods accurately, in enough detail that an expert could repeat them Have you paid appropriate attention to detection limits and quality assurance/quality control ... 

Section 9.2 will review traditional statistical process control/statistical quality control (SPC/SQC) techniques used in quality control. Section 9.3 will follow this review with a discussion of techniques based primarily on an experiential rule base and expert system technology. Section 9.4 will discuss control strategies that use an on-line process model a variety of models can be used in such model predictive control. Section 9.5 will discuss this variety of models. Section 9.6 will summarize this chapter and discusses future trends in the field. 

Expert systems, however, have their disadvantages. Perhaps the most significant one is that it is hard to prove rigorously that they will not give an unexpected behavior. This causes production and quality control organizations to be reluctant to adapt to the methods. Writing a specification for expert system control is less exact and, therefore, more difficult to adapt to quality control methods that were developed for time-temperature-based plans. The... 

Qualified technical personnel should oversee PQ studies however, the execution can be left to specially trained hourly personnel. For larger projects it may be necessary to use a team approach to ensure that the requisite technical skills are available. Evaluation of dose uniformity may require the skills of a quality control analyst, formulation expert, and statistician. In these circumstances, report preparation may have to be split among the team members. 

IFCC (1976). Internationa] Federation of Clinical Chemistry. Committee on standards expert panel on nomenclature and principles of quality control in clinical chemistry. Provisional recommendations on quality control in clinical chemistry, Part 1 General principles and technolgoy. Clin. Chem. 22, 532-540. 

Like any other creative art the art of perfumery depends upon experience and technique as well as upon inspiration. Experience and technique can only be acquired by an immense amount of patient study and hard work, frequently beset by disappointment and frustration. Yet for the talented and enthusiastic student the obstacles are more than offset by the sense of discovery and excitement that surrounds the work. The training will usually involve either working as an apprentice (often as a compounder) to a senior perfumer or formal study in one of the perfumery schools. The apprentice perfumer will probably be required to spend some time gaining firsthand experience in other departments of the company, in related areas such as production, the application of perfumes in different functional products, product evaluation and marketing, analytical techniques, and quality control. There is little room today for the "ivory tower" approach to perfumery a perfumer is seen as part of a team of experts working toward the success of a company. 

---