Spectrometer quadrupole

The line width is a measure of the degree to which differentiation can be made between two adjacent lines of the same height. The resolution is normally indicated. It is defined as R = M / AM and is constant for the quadrupole spectrometer across the entire mass range, slightly greater than 1 or AM < 1. 

W. PAUL and H.S. STEINWEDEL describe the quadrupole analyser and the ion trap or quistor in a patent [31], W. PAUL, H.P. REINHARD and U. Von ZAHN, of Bonn University, describe the quadrupole spectrometer in Zeitschrift fur Physik in 1958. PAUL and DEHMELT receive the Nobel Prize in 1989 [32],... 

Mass analysers are essentially characterised by their resolution, their sensitivity and the maximum analysable mass. Quadrupole spectrometers are relatively simple in design and offer a mass resolution of unity. 

Very recently, Stobo et al. proposed a multiple LC-MS method that allows the detection of YTX together with most of the DSP toxins. The method was set up on a triple quadrupole spectrometer. Chromatographic separation of multiple lipophilic toxins was achieved by using a base deactivated silica C8 column eluted with a 5 mM ammonium acetate-acetonitrile mobile phase under gradient conditions. The method was applied to the analysis of sheUflsh and was validated for the quantitative detection of OA, YTX, PTX-2, and Azaspiracid-1 (AZA-1). 

As with the quadrupole spectrometer, a potential +(j>Q consisting of both DC and radio frequency AC components is applied to the end caps, while a potential — 0o is applied to the ring electrode. Ions of all masses are then trapped by the resulting three-dimensional, time-vaiying electrostatic field and follow stable, closed trajectories that are shaped approximately like the figure eight. ... 

Quadrupole spectrometer kwa-drs- pol spek- tra-m9-tor n. A type of mass spectrometer with two dipoles that provides better... 

Several types of instruments are currently used for molecular mass spccirometric measurements. Two of these, the quadrupole spectrometer and the TOF... 

The operation of this quadrupole spectrometer involves the apphcation of both a direct current (dc) potential ( ) and a radio-frequency (RF) alternating current potential (V cos(o)f)) to pairs of the rods. A combined electrical potential of (E + V cos(o)t)) is apphed to two oppositely positioned rods, while simultaneously an apphed combined potential of — E + V cos(o)t)) is applied to the other two opposing rods such that they oscillate 180° out of phase. Figure 4.5 shows an end-view cross-section of these rods with an indication of the apphed potentials. As the electrical potentials on... 

Labastie, P. Doy, M. A high mass range quadrupole spectrometer for cluster studies. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 1989, 91, 105 112. 

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