Quadrupole ion mobility

Olivova, P. Chen, W.B. Chakraborty, A.B. Gebler, J.C. Determination of N-glycosylation sites and site heterogeneity in a monoclonal antibody by electrospray quadrupole ion-mobility time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2008, 22, 29 0. 

All the data reported here were acquired on a hybrid quadrupole/ion mobility/ orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight (oa-TOF) instrument (Synapt G2 HDMS, Waters Corp., Milford, MA). A schematic of the instrument is shown in Figure 8.1. Ions generated in the atmospheric pressure source enter the vacuum system and pass through an ion guide and quadrupole mass filter to the IMS section of the instrument, which comprises three ion guides. 

Chan, E. C. Y. New, L. S. Yap, C. W. Goh, L. T. Pharmaceutical metabolite profiling using quadrupole/ion mobility spectrometry/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 23, 384—394. 

All mass spectrometry measurements described within this study were performed using a Waters SYNAPT HDMS, which is a hybrid quadrupole-ion mobility-orthogonal acceleration TOP instrument (oa-TOP). This instmment has multiple... 

Yuan YZ, Liu X, Boyd JM, Qin F, Li J, Li XF (2009) Identiflcation of N-nitrosamines in treated drinking water using nanoelectrospray ionization high-fleld asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 47(l) 92-96... 

Figure 6. Diagram of our 1-atm ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) apparatus (a) stainless steel source gas dilution volume, (b) septum inlet, (c) needle valve, (d) Nj source gas supply, (e) source and drift gas exhaust, (f) flow meter, (g) pressure transducer, (h) insulated box, (i) drift tube, (j) ion source, (k) Bradbury-Nielson gate, (I) Faraday plate/MS aperture, (m) drift gas inlet, (n) universal joint, (o) electrostatic lens element, (p) quadrupole mass filter, (q) 6"-diffusion pump, (r) first vacuum envelope, (s) channeltron electron multiplier, (t) second vacuum envelope, (u) 3"-dif-fusion pump, (v) Nj drift gas, (w) leak valve, (x) on/off valves, (y) fused silica capillary, (z) 4-liter stainless steel dilution volume, (aa) Nj gas supply.

Detection of TNT and RDX Landmines by Stand-off Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance. Preprint given author by Andy Hibbs, Quantum Magnetics Inc., San Diego, 1999. Hill, H. H., Jr., W. F. Siems, and R. H. St. Louis. Ion mobility spectrometry. Anal Chem. 21(5), 321-355 (1990). 

MALDI-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry MALDI-Q-ion mobility-TOFMS MALDI-Quadrupole-ion-trap-TOF mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF-imaging mass spectrometry MALDI Time-of-flight mass spectrometry Magnetic resonance imaging Matrix solution fixation Moxifloxacin... 

The book includes several chapters on vapor and trace detection chemiluminescence, mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, electrochemical methods, and micro mechanical sensors, such as microcantilevers. Other chapters deal with bulk detection techniques neutron techniques, nuclear quadrupole resonance, X-ray diffraction imaging, millimeter-wave imaging, terahertz imaging, and laser techniques. Special chapters are devoted to personnel portals and to biological detection. 

ToF analyzers as well as hybrid instruments that combine two or more mass-resolving components, such as quadrupole-ToF (Q-ToF), ion-mobility ToF, and ion-trap-ToF, as well as the high-resolving Fourier transform (FT) analyzer Orbitrap and ion cyclotron resonance (ICR). For targeted analysis, a multiple-reaction monitoring instrument based on triple-quadrupole technologies (QQQ) has provided unrivaled sensitivity for MSI of pharmaceuticals, yet its targeted nature renders it unsuitable for discovery-based research. 

FIGURE 3.15 Schematic of a typical DESI experiment. (From Weston et al. Direct analysis of pharmaceutical drug formulations using ion mobility spectrometry/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with desorption electrospray ionization Anal. Chem. 2005, 77(23), 7572-7580. 

In this ion trap/ion mobility/quadrupole/TOF-MS, the quadrupole mass filter was used to isolate a specific m/z value for coUisional activated dissociation and subsequent mass analysis of fragment ions. 

Hoaglund-Hyzer, C.S. Clemmer, D.E., Ion trap/ion mobility/quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry for peptide mixture analysis. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 177-184. 

Low-pressure ion detectors for IMS are typical of those used in mass spectrometry. In fact, whenever low-pressure ion detection methods are used with IMS, the IMS is interfaced to a mass spectrometer. Mass spectrometers after IMSs serve as mass filters or mass dispersive devices prior to low-pressure ion detection. Mass discrimination is not necessary, however, as in the case of a quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in the radio frequency (RF)-only regime, where complete ion mobility spectra can be obtained. A more detailed discussion of the advantages... 

In addition to the number of types of spectrometers available for measuring ion mobility, numerous instruments are available for measuring mass. Thus, IMS-MS is combinatorial in nature. IMS instruments have been interfaced to quadrupole (Q) MSs, ion trap MSs, time-of-flight mass spectrometers (TOF-MSs), Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MSs, and most recently a Waters Synapt G-2 MS containing a quadrupole ion filter with a TW-IMS coupled with a TOF-MS. With these various IMS-MS configurations, high-resolution IMS-MS, IMS-MS, IMS-MS, IMS-MS-IMS-MS, IMS-MS -IMS-MS, and IMS-MS-IMS-MS spectrometry has been demonstrated. In the following sections, each type of ion mobility-MS is described. 

After mobility separation, the ions exit the ion mobility drift tube and are shaped into a ribbon trajectory with a combination of Einzel and DC-quadrupole lenses so that the ion beam traverses the 25-cm long focusing region and passes through a 1.6 X 12.7 mm slit into the source region of a TOF-MS. 

FIGURE 9.11 Schematic of the electrospray ionization, ambient pressure, dual-gate ion mobility, quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. This instrument consisted of six primary units an electrospray ionization source, an ion mobility spectrometer, a vacuum interface, ion guides and lenses, a quadrupole ion trap, and a PC-based data acquisition system (not shown). " (Reprinted from Glowers and Hill, Mass analysis of mobility-selected ion populations using dual gate, ion mobility, quadrupole ion-trap mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 5877-5885. With permission.)... 

FIGU RE 9.12 Drift time ion mobility (ion trap) mass spectrometric data illustrating the necessity of isomer separation prior to MS analysis. (From Glowers and Hill, Influence of cation adduction on the separation characteristics of flavonoid diglycosides isomers using dual-gate ion mobility-quadrupole-ion trap mass spectrometry, 7. Mass Spectrom. 2006,41, 339-351. With permission.)... 

FIGURE 9.13 Schematic of ESI-FAIMS instrument interfaced to quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS). (From Purves and Guevremont, Electrospray ionization high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71(13) 2346-2357. With permission.)... 

FIGURE 9.15 Schematic diagram of aspiration-type IMS interface to a quadrupole mass spectrometer. (From Adamov et al., Interfacing an aspiration ion mobility spectrometer to triple quadropole mass spectrometer, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2007,78(4) 044101. With permission.)... 

Glowers, B.H. Hill, H.H., Jr., Mass analysis of mobility-selected ion populations using dual gate, ion mobility, quadrupole ion-trap mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2005, 77. 5877-5885. 

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