Millimeter-wave imaging

Tlic first report was Opportunities to Improve Airport Passenger Screening with Mass Spectrometry (The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 2004). Topics to be addressed in future reports are millimeter-wave imaging for detection of explosives and data fusion and integration for airport terminals. 

Rosenberg, A.L. Comment, Passive Millimeter Wave Imaging A New Weapon in the Fight Against Crime or a Fourth Amendment Violation , 9 Alb. L.J. Sci. Tech. 135 (1998). 

Millimeter-wave imaging system architectures and components. 245... 

There is little spectral (frequency) variation in the reflection or emission of millimeter waves from most bulk materials, including the human body and most concealed objects. This means that millimeter-wave imaging systems cannot uniquely identify specific materials, such as explosives. They can, however, form high-resolution images that will... 

Active millimeter-wave imaging for concealed weapon detection... 

Recently, researchers at Agilent have developed a novel active real-time millimeter-wave imaging technique based on a digitally controlled reflecting antenna array [14], This system is described in detail in Section 5.3. 

Owing to the difficulty and expense of building FPAs, other researchers have developed passive millimeter-wave imaging systems for concealed weapon detection which... 

The lateral image resolution is defined by the ability of the imaging system to differentiate between two point objects separated by a small distance. The minimum distance at which the objects can be successfully differentiated is defined to be the resolution. The resolution for millimeter-wave imaging systems is limited by diffraction of the electromagnetic waves. Two objects can be resolved by an imaging system if the phase variation across the aperture differs by at least 2tt radians or one cycle [54], This definition leads to an angular resolution of... 

In this section, a cross-section of systems and results that are of interest for explosive detection and personnel screening are shown and/or discussed. These include numerous results from the authors team at PNNL, other researchers, and a number of commercial companies. This is not meant to be a comprehensive review but rather a sampling of exciting systems and results obtained using millimeter-wave imaging. Results are shown for several technologies however, many of the results are drawn from the authors team s laboratory results. The reader is encouraged to read the reference papers for additional results from other researchers. 

Fig. 10. Standoff 98-100GHz millimeter-wave images of metal pellet gun at (a) 10ft, (b) 15ft, (c) 20ft, (d) 25 ft, and standoff 98-100 GHz millimeter-wave images of mannequin with concealed metal handgun -optical (lower left), 10 ft (lower center), and 20 ft (lower right).

PNNL s wideband holographic millimeter-wave imaging technology has been licensed to SafeView, (http //www.safeviewinc.com). SafeView has been recently acquired by... 

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