Purdue process

Several definitive reviews on pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials for improving cellulose hydrolysis (1,2,3) appeared a few years ago. More recently, two pretreatment methods (the Purdue process and the Iotech process) have been announced that claim superior perform-... 

Since the most recent in-depth reviews, the Iotech and Purdue processes have been proclaimed by their advocates as breakthroughs. Waymans discovery of means to prevent lignin self-condensation during autohydrolysis also is a most significant finding. 

G. M. Shaul, R. J. Lieberman, C. R. Dempsey, and K. A. Dostal, "Eate of Azo Dyes in the Activated Sludge Process," presented at the 41st Annual Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind., May 13—15, 1986. 

Skladany, G.J., J.M. Thomas, G. Fisher and R. Ramachandran. The Design, Economics and Operation of a Biological Treatment System for Ketone Contaminated Ground and Solvent Recovery Process Waters. Presented at the 42nd Annual Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 1987. 

The late Lewis F. Hatch, Ph.D., was well known and widely respected for his contributions to the fields of chemistry and petrochemical processing. He received his Ph.D. in chemistry from Purdue University and was the author of numerous books and technical publications. 

Botkin, D. B. Running, S. W. Machine Processing of Remotely Sensed Data Symposium Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, 1984, pp. 326-332. 

Adler, L., and Goodson, R., An Economic Optimization of a Kraft Pulping Process, Laboratory for Applied Industrial Control, Report 48. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 1972. 

Krofta, M. and Wang, L.K., Bubble dynamics and air dispersion mechanisms of air flotation process system, Part B, The 44th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI, 1990, pp. 505-515. 

Source Adapted from Daly, P.G. and Shen, C.C., The deep shaft biological treatment process, in Proceedings of the 43rd Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, May 1988. With permission. BOD, biochemical oxygen demand COD, chemical oxygen demand TSS, total suspended solids. 

Hass-McBee A thermal, vapor-phase process for chlorinating aliphatic hydrocarbons. The chlorine and the hydrocarbon vapor are separately heated to >250°C and then mixed. Propane is thus converted to 1, 3-dichloropropane. Invented in 1934 by H. B. Hass and E. T. McBee at Purdue University. 

The author would like to thank A1 Barckhoff, PerkinElmer LAS, for helping clarify some of the nuances in the ever-evolving system validation process and for providing valued expertise on this topic. Michael Dong of Purdue Pharma, should also be thanked for helping maintain a clear focus on the subject matter. Finally, the author would like to thank PerkinElmer LAS for making available the opportunity to write this chapter. 

Gallagher, A., et al. Pharmaceutical waste disposal. Sewage Ind. Waste 1954, 26 (11), 1355-1362. Seeler, T.A. Jennet, J.C. Treatment of wastewater from a chemically s)mthesized pharmaceutical manufacturing process with the anaerobic filter. Proceedings of the 33rd Industrial Waste Conference, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 1978, 687-695. 

McCarty, P.L. Treatability of oily wastewaters from food processing and soap manufacture. Proceedings of the 27th Industrial Waste Conference, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, 1972 Vol. 27, p. 867. 

Search, W.J. et al. Source Assessment, Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Water Effluents, Report PB 292 937 U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service Springfield, VA, 1979. Shahalam, A.B.M. et al. Wastes from processing of phosphate industry. In Proceedings of 40th Industrial Waste Conference, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, 1985 Vol. 40, 99-110. 

Department of Agricultural Engineering, Biochemical and Food Process Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafoyette, IN 47907... 

The Purdue concepts have been applied to several different agricultural products, such as corn stalks, alfalfa, orchard grass, tall fescue, and sugarcane bagasse. No experiments have been reported on either hardwoods or softwoods. The processes have been explored in two major modes. In the first, the entire agricultural residue is treated with solvent in the second, a dilute acid pretreatment to remove hemicellulose precedes solvent treatment. The first process is especially desirable for making furfural or fermentation products from hemicellulose as a separate activity. Then, the hemicellulose-free raw material can be converted to substantially pure glucose. 

Joseph S. Francisco, Purdue University I was struck by your SiLK example. What I thought was very interesting was the role of computational chemistry in this process. To what extent were the computational chemistry explorations important in terms of reducing the time line, and where do you see it being utilized more in this high-throughput process in the future ... 

Haseley, P., Oetjen, G.W. Opportunities and limitations of control of freeze drying by thermodynamic data from the process. Freeze drying of pharmaceuticals and biologicals. Center for Pharmaceutical Processing Research in cooperation with Purdue University and the University of Connecticut, USA, Sept. 1998... 

The Purdue case can be described as a failed attempt to claim a broader generic relationship from specific examples described in the specification. The desire to claim subject matter broader then what is supported in the specification can also occur in cases that are more chemical in substance. In particular, one can envision different scenarios where an applicant describes specific examples of a process, a molecule, or a composition. In the case of a process where an actual example is provided, several variables (reaction time, temperature, solvent volume, etc.) will be set to specific values, the values that the process was actually conducted at. However, absent additional language in the original specification (including the originally filed... 

Allen, G.R., A Reconfigurable Architecture for Arrays of Micreprogrammable Processors, Special Computer Architectures for Pattern Processing, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Inc, CRC Publishing Corporation, to be published in 1981 ... 

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