Pumping heat pump systems

This provides another criterion for testing whether a heat-pump system may be cost-effective. A power plant takes three units of to yield one unit of W. Therefore, to provide any incentive for less overall energy use, Q W must be far in excess of 3. 

Heat pumps are particularly suitable for recycling heat energy in the chemical-process industries. For the outlay of an additional fixed-capital expenditure Cec on a heat-pump system, a considerable reduction in the annual heating cost can be effected. 

The payback period in years for a heat-pump system is the additional feed-capital cost Cpc divided by the annual saving on heating costs. This can be written as... 

Forced Circulation System—Using foreed eireulation in a waste heat reeovery system allows the use of smaller tube sizes with inherent inereased heat transfer eoeffieients. Flow stability eonsiderations must be addressed. The reeireulating pump is a eritieal eomponent from a reliability standpoint and standby (redundant) pumps must be eonsidered. In any event, great eare must go into preparing speeifieations for this pump. 

Meunier, F., Second law analysis of a solid adsorption heat pump operating on reversible cascade cycles application to the zeolite-water pair. Heat Recovery Systems, 1985, 5, 133 141. 

Schematic of cooling cycle for a heat pump system.

A theoretical discussion of the heat pump appeared in the Journal of the Franklin Institute in I 886. T. G. N. Haldane of Scotland comprehensively pursued the application of heat pumps to the heating of buildings after the mid-1920s. Haldane tested air-to-watcr heat pump systems in his home and concluded that... 

Bose, J. Parker, J. and McQmston, F. (198.S). DesignAIata Manual for Closed-Loop Ground-Coupled Heat Pump Systems. Atlanta American Society of Heating,... 

University of Pennsyh ania. (1975). Proceedings of Workshop on Solar Energy Heat Pump Systems for Heating and Cooling Buildings. University Park, PA University Press. 

A heat pump, which is the opposite of a heat engine, uses work energy to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir. In households, the cold reservoir is often the surrounding air or the ground while the hot reservoir is the home. For an ideal heat pump system with Qj and T[ referring to the hot reservoir and Q2 and Tj referring to the cold reservoir, the work required is, from the first and second laws. 

Having now established the space requirement for the boilers, we must consider the other items of plant to be housed in the same structure. These may include water-treatment plant, heat-recovery system, tanks and pump, instrument and controls. With oil- and gas-fired installations, there is little additional plant to consider within the boiler house. With solid fuel then the handling, distribution and perhaps storage could also form part of the building with provision for ash handling and removal. 

Refrigerant condenser coils of heat pump or heat reclaim systems Figure 24.1 shows the sensible heating of air. 

The aim of heat recovery is to avoid wastage of any quantity of heat or cold energy which has been generated within a system. Methods of recovery may be passive or active. Mechanical heat recovery systems will generally be found under the description of Heat Pumps. 

For capillary columns, the usual practice is to insert the exit end of the column into the ion source. This is possible because under normal operating conditions the mass spectrometer pumping system can handle the entire effluent from the column. It is then only necessary to heat the capillary column between the GC and the MS ion source, taking care to eliminate cold spots where analyte could condense. The interface must be heated above the boiling point of the highest-boiling component of the sample. 

In all space heating boiler systems there is a tendency to keep water treatment programs as simple as possible. Ideally, chemical inhibitors should be added in proportion to MU demands, metered water consumption, oxygen content, or other preemptive measurement. More typically, the standard process is to periodically (weekly to monthly) analyze the BW for a few basic control parameters, including measuring the multimetal corrosion inhibitor reserve, and then to merely top-up the inhibitor when the reserve is below the minimum specification. Chemical treatment often is added directly to the BW by hand-pump via a hose cock (bib cock) connection. 

Figure 7.2-11. Spray drier with heat recovery system 1. Spray tower and drying system 2. Air heater 3. Air fan 4. Cyclone dust separator 5. Wet dust separator and entrainment separator 6. Exhaust air fan 7. Pneumatic product conveyer 8. Intermediate product storage 9. Product sieving and packing 10. Wet product pumping system (by courtesy of BMA, TAG-Division). 

Part 2 Ground source heat pump systems (GSHP). 

Design Options for Ground Source Heat Pump Systems [5]... 

This is a conventional water loop heat pump system using a boiler and cooling tower to maintain the water loop temperature (see Measures S15-S17 in Section 6.2). Since outside air handling unit and other terminal devices like unit heaters, wall fin convectors, etc which are often used with this water loop heat pump system need a different operating water temperature than that of the water loop, a plate heat exchanger is used between the primary heating circuit... 

TABLE 6. Comparison of ground source heat pump system types... 

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